The new written content is at the bottom and dated. I do write more when news comes out.
Do you want to lead then lead.
My last writing on Destroyers has disappeared. So this should be new and updated and all of the things I have learned in the last 8ish years of study. Please read my historical Naval writings below first. The older content should be treated with an eye that I was still learning and still am learning. You should also know that I do understand the cost for every added foot to any ship class and have been in debates with people who must count every bean. For me I am not constrained by any thing except the reality of this world. You the reader need to know that it is not my intention to hurt your feelings or sensibilities. Yet, if your locked in to a certain kind of thinking and your offended by what I write. Then you need to resolve those issue within yourself. Even if you have the best security badges.
===========
Hull is Key
In order to future proof. The hull must be of sufficient size in order to modernize for the next fifty years. Which will also include declassification down to Frigate size. The current Arleigh Burke Class Destroyers should be considered today as a Frigate Class. Yes, I know this is hard for the Pentagon and the admiralty to digest. But, times change as do definitions. Just as you do not build a sailing frigate any more but, you still honor and respect those Frigates of those days gone by. So what does that mean for today and tomorrow and how to engineer for the future? This is what I aim to do. To have an eye for the days of peace time while still thinking about adding a lot of weapons capabilities in a short order of time. So what are the parameters of the new hull form? There will be comparisons in hull size with the Ticonderoga - Class Cruiser. In which the Ticonderoga Cruiser should be considered today as a Destroyer Class.
The hull should be of stealth design.
The hull must be designed to allow the removal and installation of engines, generators and other hardware in one day. As well as the addition of two Nuclear power plants.
The hull must be engineered to tow a large barge like ship indefinitely at top speed.
Length should exceed 610 feet or 190 meters. The next generation Destroyer DDG(X) should be considered a 200 meter or 656 foot long warship. Then the next generation Cruiser would have twice the firepower and capabilities.
Beam should exceed 80 feet for a ship longer than 610 feet in length. There is math associated with this relationship.
There should be an elimination of windows. What has been known as the command deck should be deep within the hull of the ship. There will still be exposed manned observational points.
The bow should have sonar added. Each side of the ship should have two additional sonar panels equally spaced apart.
The aft of the ship should have towing capability with intelligent data lines.
The Hull should be engineered with the mindset that no humans will be outside of the ship for any kind of activity. Unless, things have gone really bad. So all of the typical day to day duties must be engineered inside of the hull. This is because of all of the new varieties of EMP and DEW which include RF.
Need to prepare a space within the hull for Rail gun power demands. Once, it is figured out how to prevent Rail Gun self destruction(I think I know how to do it). Rail Gun use in every caliber will come into play and used. The magnetic fields developed should be attenuated inside of the hull as well as outside of the hull.
The entire hull top and bottom must be air tight at all times. This is for all aspects of NBC. Making the living space more comfortable and home like for all persons should be adapted. The questions of what sailors would like to have on board ship should be asked and then engineered into each new class of warship.
---------------------------------
Added on 03 March 2021:
So basically what I'm saying is you engineer everything you want and desire into any next generation class of warship into the engineering of the hull. Then you only add the capabilities that you can actually pay for. So, yes you engineer the hull for both nuclear power, conventional power and hybrid power systems. To ensure that everything works. You build one test bed for each class of warship with all of the bells and whistles. Yes, that will be an expensive warship. But, the lessons learned will go along way in the creation of any other new class of warship.
======================
Engines, Power Generation and Cooling.
These compartments must allow for larger and more efficient engines, generators and drive lines as well as cooling equipment. The engineering for the addition of nuclear power should be added into the hull. Even though nuclear power would not be added but can be added on a later date. As well as all of the necessary plumbing that would be needed for the ship.
Range of 6,000nmi.
Classified speed in excess of 33 knots.
=======================
RADAR, SONAR and other Sensors.
The current iteration of RADAR, SONAR and other sensor packages which is on the Ticonderoga Class. Should be modernized and expanded.
For instance, four phased array panels will look forward and to the side and four phased array panels will look to the rear and sides. The front and rear panels are divided on their own stealthy towers. This is for you to see what I see.
The addition of Satellite tracking and targeting with the capability to destroy satellites. As well as other classified stuff in relation to space warfare.
All around the ship should have multi spectral dazzler types of devices. As well as antipersonnel soft weapons. Those which affect the eyes and ears.
RADAR and SONAR as a weapons. Each RADAR system should have a very high power rating. This high power option could point all of that energy at a single point in space. This high power option should be both dumb power and intelligent power outputs. Intelligent power outputs would be gleaned when the intelligence has been gathered and reused on an enemy target or targets.
Integrating The US Space Force capability. The oceans, atmosphere are connected to space. Biblically speaking the first heaven is the sky and ocean. Ocean in the singular as all of the waters are just one.
=======================
Combat Computers
The modern era of combat is going to see the use of weapons systems from the depths of the ocean, the surface of the ocean, at every altitude as well as in a variety or orbits in space. Space based weapons platforms which can launch weapons from the other side of the planet will come into play against your one little ship. A ship may see many thousands of incoming targets coming from every direction or at the very least more than 240 degrees. So every ship class must be able to network with each other and be able to efficiently use those necessary weapons systems to end every and all threats beyond the 100 mile range. No matter the speed of the incoming threat or if it starts doing those crazy corkscrews. The combat computers must be able to handle all threats in a single moment of time and still be able to have enough for the second or third waves.
==========================
Next Generation Helicopters and the Next Generation of F35
Yes, each and every next generation of modern class warship would be considered Destroyer Carrier's or Cruiser Carrier's or Frigate Carrier's or Battleship Carrier's. The aft of the ship must be able to fully contain, service, fuel and arm one or more F35's, Helicopters as well as the next generation of naval warplanes and naval helicopters or any combination of each. Which should include some type of refueling drone(???). Which should also include armed and unarmed drones to be launched and recovered. Depending on mission specifics.
=======================
Weapons, Missiles, Guns and all forms of DEW
The entire ship should be surrounded by multi use, fully remote operate gun systems in every caliber. These guns will be operated by humans as well as the Combat Computer System. These guns will be used against all typical enemy targets, including incoming enemy drone targets. The enemy drone targets will most likely come in by the many of thousands.
The Israeli Sa'ar6 Naval Corvette has been updated again. The Sa'ar 6 is the beginning point for VLS missile cell counts in each class of naval warships. This one Corvette now has 88 different kinds of missiles on three different types of launchers. So that means the next generation of Destroyer should have at least 352 VLS missile cells on board ready to be launched.
The next generation of American Missile Destroyer must have in combination or future maximum capability 352 Mark 41 and 57 VLS Missile Cells. These Vertical Launch Systems must also be continually modernized and fully networked into the Combat Computer System. The entire VLS must become Nuclear missile capable. The entire VLS must become anti-satellite capable. The total number of VLS capability must exceed 352 VLS. A new type of VLS Missile Cells is in order. One that is larger and longer than existing Mark 41's and 57's. A new VLS which is engineered specifically for antisatellite capability.
RF DEW as an offensive and defensive weapons system must be developed. Part of this development will most likely have to be engineered into the hull. That is all I'm gonna say except that Russia is already doing it. Probably not a good idea to follow their SU57 warplanes.
Rail Gun thinking should be as it was once thought of in WWII big gun categories. Multiple of railgun calibers should be in use. The created magnetic fields should be attenuated inside of the hull.
---------------------------------------
CIWS Phalanx must be mechanically upgraded. This must be a priority. Start and stop must be improved, speed of movement must be greatly improved. The sensor and RADAR packaging must be improved both physically and software. The CIWS Phalanx must also be networked into a ships computer systems, RADAR and Sensor packages in order to acquire the best data for better target acquisition.
A CIWS Phalanx Jr. should be built in a 7.62 caliber for use as drone defense as well as any other smaller threats. Or for just saturating the sky with lead. When in desperate mode.
A larger CIWS Phalanx to be used at longer ranges.
Each systems should be made into their own specific centurions systems.
---------------------------------------
The 5 inch/127 mm 62 caliber Mark 45 Mod 4 gun must be modernized and updated. 16-20 rounds per minute is far to slow. The mechanics of this gun is also too slow. A 155mm naval gun should also be built. One where each shell doesn't cost a million bucks. bullets are supposed to be cheap and not break the bank.
=========================
COWA
The COWA is a towed vessel/drone/asset. Can be powered and AI controlled. Can be just a Missile platform to be positioned. Can have sensor and RADAR packages. Can have noise makers to confuse the enemy that this vessel is much larger than what it is. There will be a variety of sizes of vessels which can be towed by each new class size of war ship. So the new Next generation of Destroyers COWA should contain an extra 352 VLS missile Cells. Start adding your VLS numbers. Because we are back in the days of sail where we count guns and types of gun. Today in this modern era of warfare we must count VLS missile Cells. The more missile cells you have the better your chances or winning and thoroughly defeating your enemy. Notice, I didn't talk about surviving. Surviving sucks and losing is for suckers. Especially in warfare.
The COWA will have a networked data tether. The COWA should also be able to self detonate with a nuke especially when an enemy ship gets close.
So what happens to the firepower of an Aircraft Carrier Battle Group when each ship is towing a COWA of sufficient size? Do the math. A next generation Cruiser would have as many as 704 VLS. A frigate would have as many as 176 VLS. Each surface ship which doesn't have VLS can have a COWA in accordance to it's own size. All controlled by the command ship. An Aircraft Carrier could tow a COWA with more than 1500 VLS missile cells. These COWA's would be classified and become nuclear capable. The COWA can also contain a Small modular nuclear reactor for added power capability. The COWA can be adapted for any additional mission capability. The size of the COWA will be dependent on the class size of warship which will tow it. The COWA can be built and then sunk or sacrificed when no longer needed. The COWA's would be used in a first strike capability. Thus saving the main armaments of the towing ship. The COWA's can even be placed in between the enemy force and friendly force. Purely offensive or purely defensive COWA's can be built. A COWA can be built with a variety of CIWS capability on board.
=======Historical========
Warning content is dated and numbers and capabilities have changed many times since 2012 and later.
https://john-mackechnie.blogspot.com/2019/06/warfare-laws-of-2s-3s-and-5s-unedited.html
https://john-mackechnie.blogspot.com/2019/07/us-navy-next-generation-corvette.html
https://john-mackechnie.blogspot.com/2017/04/us-navy-fast-frigates-unedited-19-april.html
https://john-mackechnie.blogspot.com/2019/05/americas-next-generation-cruiser.html
https://john-mackechnie.blogspot.com/2012/06/new-battleship-vision-earlier-2012.html
https://john-mackechnie.blogspot.com/2019/04/aircraft-carrier-vision-unedited11.html
https://john-mackechnie.blogspot.com/2015/08/aircraft-carrier-evolution-unedited-17.html
https://john-mackechnie.blogspot.com/2019/07/loceeabo-mitigates-boob-unedited-29.html
============================
The recent US Navy failures is to me evidence of on going treason. The failure of the LCS, Zumwalt, Fords and the F35 is a blunder of magnitude that this janitor cannot even fathom. So when I read and get excited about the next generation Frigate from the US Navy and then see that it will be less capable than other navies Corvette classes. It is very disheartening. To top it off the next generation Frigate will most likely have a single or multiple hard engineering errors which will put both man and machine in jeopardy. So what to expect of America's next generation Destroyer. I suspect we will see delays and defunding as America is the number One in the world so why pay for more if we are already the best. That kind of idiot logic is rampant in Congress, Pentagon and the US Navy. Just look at your F35 which still has how many hundreds of flaws. Some of which are catastrophic in nature. Yet, your still building those F35's. How about the Ford Class aircraft carrier. Your fix is if it doesn't work well lets build more that wont work. Stop build on the Frigate and continue to build more Burkes as your frigate. Your next generation Frigates should have 176 VLS missile cell on them.
=======================
Added on 23 May 2021: I found something interesting but, I will keep it to myself. If you read my stuff, then I know you use my stuff and it is OK. I do not write for credit or accolades or to point fingers at who uses these writings. My intention is to advance and evolve the American military. I know you guys who are in the Know have become convinced at my writings. I see it in what you also write or speak out on. When I see the matchings, I do feel good and not prideful. I think you do see the evolution in my own writing as well and make proper determinations as associated. That is just my little note. Thank you for not bothering me or acknowledging me in any way.
---------------------------
The US Navy has plans to put hypersonic missiles on the cancelled Zumwalt class of destroyers. In order for the soon to be three Zumwalt's to be effective. Their VLS Missile Cell Numbers must increase from 80 to more than 240. The space taken up by the no bullet guns must be removed and missile cells added. The Zumwalt's must become a standoff weapons platform. Where it can stay within a battle group and launch after the enemies defenses has been depleted or if classified is classified in a classified through classified(LOL). Humor for the classified guys. You know what I may mean. The guns gotta go and if all three ships must be dry docked then do it. Then add the necessary VLS Missile Cells.
---------------------------
Well, Things look like they are ramping up for the next generation destroyer class. But, I'm not to excited since the US Navy is building a next generation frigate which seems to barely be able to compete with many other modern day frigates around the world or even some Corvettes. But, the world will see if this next generation frigate becomes an American embarrassment. Especially since they have to use a foreign owned corporation to build their American ships. This alone is an embarrassment to America.
------------------------------
Britain to build the Type 83 Destroyer. Too little and too late. The British tend to build things with yesterdays thinking to be built tomorrow. Which is why their warships are almost or barely equal to an American cold war era warship of today. Will they plan to build 8, 10, 12 or more and then end up only building ONE. But, one thing that all European nations will come to realize. Is that what was once the United States is now gone. When the US begins to quietly pull out of all bases in every country. What are you all going to do for your own defenses as all of your socialist monies goes to feed your own people the scraps from your own tables. The people will revolt. The foreign nationals who have no intention of becoming members of your society will become explosive terrorists as which is now historically known. Your own military personnel will be forced to look inward instead of at those enemies who are outward. This is what you get when you force socialism into the USA. The USA will stop being able to do anything in the world and the world will suffer for it. Maybe you can buy their old warships and carriers. Either way if the Type 83 is actually engineered it must have 352 Type 57 like/sized VLS Missile Cells. Filled with missiles that exceed in ranges beyond 2500-4500km's. Missiles which have up to four different classified seekers. This new Type 83 destroyer must have full capabilities for all aspects of warfare and for warfare which is coming. The hull and other aspects of the exposed super structure must be able to prevent and/or attenuate HP RF DEW's. You must be able to defend against a ten thousand drones coming in at every angle as these will be weapons of attrition. Read what I wrote here and up above and you may survive the 2040's.
-----------------------------
https://www.americanmachinist.com/news/article/21898921/timken-lands-1billion-us-navy-gear-contract (possible false narrative).
https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenthompson/2021/05/20/seven-reasons-the-us-navy-needs-to-rethink-its-plan-for-a-next-generation-destroyer/?sh=45e530d757de
https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/britain%E2%80%99s-mysterious-type-83-destroyer-navy-super-weapon-181651
======================
Added on 13 Jan 2022: Read my above content and read my other writings which is under Historical.
Now that the Democrats are in charge. I have no confidence in any build. Especially after the new Frigate reveal which will be under powered and the new Israeli Corvette will be able to outgun the new US Frigate.
After reading the preliminary PDF From Captain David Hart. The new next generation Destroyers DDG(X) will have even fewer missile cells. Grant it will have a new engineered missile cell which will house hypersonic capable missiles. But, there will be initially a loss in missile cell quantity. This is a huge mistake. Which will cost lives and sink your own ships as you helplessly watch them sink on your screens. How will that feel?
The next generation Destroyer DDG(X) must be longer and much wider than what has been typically engineered in the past. You must add sufficient displacement for future proofing.
The rear must be capable of housing your drones, helicopters and F35's or any combination of those things or all of the above.
Since the Cruiser will not be re-imagined for the US Government. The next generation of Destroyer DDG(X) must take up the missile cell slack. Read above at my COWA idea.
Because of the new Israeli Sa'ar 6 if you work the math out. The current generation of Destroyers to be built must have about 352 total missile cells. So, your saying no way in the hot place. Well, get over it, Now that the great American Navy is no longer the leader in the number of warships in the seas and you want to put fewer missile cells on your brand new ships. That makes you an idiot, especially, if you were or are still involved with the new American Frigate program. The key is in your hull form. You build your hull capacity minus the addition of 300 missile cells. But, in a time of actual warfare. You can easily add them to your fleet of ships. Assuming they survive long enough to make it to a safe and still existing ports. Which will be unlikely. Especially, now that North Korea has Mach 10 missiles as does everyone else. Especially now, that everyone realizes that they do not need full rocket burn to get to target sites and all they have to do is achieve orbit, ride the orbit and then de-orbit. Be sure to thank former sitting President Bill Clinton. Everyone has American NASA guidance including all of our enemies.
The next generation of any kind of warship must have a lot of permanently mounted automated guns in every caliber and with their own sensor/RADAR packages. No humans outside on deck. You must be able to defend against all manner of drone attack even if they will only cause attrition level damage. Why, is this important. What happens when you cannot see or communicate with anything? Your ship become prime for the capturing. Then your commanders and Captains names will forever be taught in war colleges on how not to have your ship captured by the enemy. Can you imagine the world wide embarrassment. Every American will know as will every other human being on the planet. So, You will need lots of automated gun mounts.
The need for up to four Phalanx CIWS. A system which needs modernization and new software. Those things are heavy heavy. So four will weigh more than 52,000 pounds. The mechanical advance mechanisms seem to slow and are need of severe improvement. (I do not know how the new digital systems function) A new addition of software also needs to be added in order to engage multiple targets at one time. Instead of the engage and wait and see approach. Engage and then engage other multiple targets and then when the primary engagement controls wants the system to reengage a target it can at any time in the engagement queue.
A lot of Dazzlers as in lots and multi-frequency.
A dependence should be placed on using LASER's. But, when the smoke and fog of war is happening in actuality. How is it your LASER's are going to be effective? When the next iteration of missiles become smart enough to use smoke and fog as cover. This is like programming a RADAR for the first time. How big and how close are the mountains and how much of a blind spot do they create? Same with smoke, chaff, fog and etc.
So why do humans need to remain inside at all times? Which means how is it your going to be able to reload your guns? From enclosed capsules within the hull? Civilians do not know of these things called RF DEW's. If as indicated by Japan that RF DEW's are now small enough to fit on a war plane. Then they can be used on ships. Especially, if the new Russian fighter jet has an RF DEW in it's tail between the engines. You already have an asset which can be used as RF DEW and that is all of your RADAR transmitters. They will need to be modified and hardened to flow a several hundred+ percent in output power and then multiple antenna directed to a singular spot in the sky at distance. Then if you can add an SMR to your ship dedicated to weapons power out put. You will have continuous output power without a detrimental affect on other systems. That much RF Energy on the outside of your ship will be disastrous for your crews.
The placement at the bottom of the Hull a genuine Small Modular nuclear Reactor (SMR). These can weigh approximately 40 tons+/-. Not to mention space for length and width. The current SMR may not function well. But, An Old Nimitz (A1B) model aircraft carrier Nuclear power plant might function well. How big is your new Destroyer now?
So yes, Your next generation Destroyer DDG(X) must have 352 missile cells. This is a serious comment. The missile cells need to contain multiple kinds of missiles or groups of missiles in one cell. The idea of having multiple types of missile cells is inefficient. This is one reason why I do not like the Sa'ar 6 for Israel.
In warfare you have to do the math. The odds are becoming an American disadvantage especially, since now all of the enemies of America have American NASA technologies. How do we contend with all of the new ships coming from China and Russia. Both of which are packing as many weapons on those ships as possible. While the western nations are still stuck in their superiority complex cold war dreams of fantasy of the good ole days. Watching and studying Israel, I really hope wakes up you idiots with all of your college degrees as this old janitor can see what your all obviously blind too and that is what will cause the Americans lose once again. Except this time in actuality and not just in the liberal MSM. Like I said, I currently have no faith in what you build and the list of current and ongoing failures since 2000 is ongoing and adding up. The sum of all of the American failures will be a loss of everything you hold of value. Which is the Constitution, Bill of Rights, American Way of Life, Family, friends, freedom's of every kind.
-------------------
Warning EZ Cheese-Z PDF warning. Nothing needed but preliminary attitude.
https://news.usni.org/2022/01/12/navy-unveils-next-generation-ddgx-warship-concept-with-hypersonic-missiles-lasers
https://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php/naval-news/naval-news-archive/2022/january/11251-us-navy-reveals-future-ddg-x-destroyer-design-at-sna-2022.html
https://breakingdefense.com/2022/01/navy-unveils-latest-concept-for-future-destroyer-ddgx/
https://news.usni.org/2021/02/03/constellation-frigate-ddgx-programs-mark-start-of-surface-ship-renaissance
http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-power-reactors/small-nuclear-power-reactors.aspx
https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/navy-ships/a36634462/navy-building-next-generation-guided-missile-destroyer/
---------------------------------
Personal Note:
It does hurt for me to write like I do now. I see the downfall of the US military in every category. I do not like it. Guess what? I'm still having visions of many American warships captured, not sunk and then used against the Americans who made them.
=====================
Added on 22-23 July 2022: US Navy Destroyer news:
------------------------------
https://news.usni.org/2022/07/21/senate-navy-pushing-for-bath-iron-works-ingalls-ddgx-destroyer-team-up
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DDG(X)
===================
Added on 24 July 2022:
The next generation Destroyer should completely replace the now ancient cold war era Ticonderoga Cruiser. You may laugh at my 352 VLS Missile cell count for the next generation Destroyer. When your facing your more than peer opponents who have you out manned, out gunned and out shipped. You better bring the big guns and lots of ammo. Then you had better build have at least 2 per aircraft carrier and 2 for each America-class. The remaining 7 Wasp class must remain in active service, modernized and converted into a drone platform ship which can still use F35's. I wonder if I have written about the Wasps and America class amphibious ships? Just as all of the Nimitz Class Carriers should be refueled and modernized.
---------------------------
NOTE: More Than Peer comment. Is because president Bill Clinton Gave all of NASA technologies, scientists and engineers to China and Russia. Who then immediately weaponized all of it. There you go.
====================
Added on 12 Sept 2022: US Navy Embarrassment Gets Worse!!! and that is only a draft plan.
Japan to build two 20,000 Ton Super Destroyers. 690 feet long and a beam of 130 feet. WOW!
----------------------------------
Well, I guess Japan is planning on exceeding what I wrote about the length and width of any actual next generation Destroyer. Did you read it above. I wonder if Japan will add and exceed other items that I've written. I do think what Japans defense Force is doing is barely minimally necessary in order to contend with an Aggressive Russia, China, North Korea and an India who may go for any side in any future conflict. To add into the mix is an American government which is becoming more and more insane with every election. The USA can no longer be trusted as a defending option for any friendly nation. So Japan, South Korea and Taiwan need to develop other realistic plans when the USA is something different. So buy all of Americas military technology as you can and make it indigenous to your own needs. This includes all soon to be retired US Navy Warships.
If you are interested in my other Japan related writings. Then please go and search for them.
------------------------------------
https://news.usni.org/2022/09/06/japan-to-build-two-massive-20000-ton-missile-defense-warships-indian-carrier-commissions
https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/japan-to-build-giant-missile-defense-ships-its-largest-post-wwii-surface-combatants
https://news.yahoo.com/japan-building-biggest-warships-asia-184000804.html
=======================
Added on 22 Jan 2023: News.
https://www.navalnews.com/event-news/sna-2023/2023/01/us-navy-sets-out-capability-imperatives-for-ddgx/
====================
Added on 28 Feb 2023:
The idiocy in reporting. Concerned with how the US Navy will power the next generation DDG(X). Yes, it is important. But so to every other category. Because what is the point of having a 30 mph ship and not have enough offensive or defensive capabilities. By around the year 2030 all of the US NAVY Cruisers will be gone. leaving a massive gaping hole in deployed VLS missile cell counts. The next generation frigate will also be woefully under gunned. I expect the same with this next generation DDG(X). Also, virtually zero defense options against hundreds or thousands of enemy drones. Which will be the future of naval warfare. So the US Navy must have plans on what they are going to do when their ships are not destroyed but captured. I've written about that prophetic vision.
https://www.forbes.com/sites/lorenthompson/2023/02/27/how-should-the-navy-power-its-next-destroyer/?sh=1f40124552ea
=====================
Go and sin no more.
================
To avert all of the coming bad and sad prophecies. We each must decide to do the following everyday, every hour, every minute and every second.
To Love one another.
To live in peace with everyone.
To exist in harmony with all.
To Cherish all life.
To be obedient to the Laws of God.
To become righteous and holy by the accepting eyes of God only.
All without any pride, ego, arrogance, supremacy and entitlements.
==============
At the top right of my blogger page is a donate button for PayPal. If you liked this blog, were inspired from it. Please help me out with just a little something. Anything is greatly appreciated and welcomed.
========================
https://www.patreon.com/mackechnie
========================
Musings of an American Truck Driver books
http://www.amazon.com/books/dp/0985310308
http://www.amazon.com/books/dp/1477629769
==================================
