Tuesday, September 8, 2026

Are there any fallout shelters in New Jersey in case of an atomic war?: (Unedited): 09 Sept 2020:

Profile photo for John MacKechnie

Original Question: Are there any fallout shelters in New Jersey in case of an atomic war?

Fallout Shelter Answer: During the cold war with the USSR. The US made nuclear fallout shelters in most every city. Now that the cold war is over and the age of these nuclear fallout shelters are now very old and beyond use. The US government, The states, The counties and the cities are not recreating, rebuilding their new buildings with any kind of Nuclear bomb bunker standards. As a matter of fact they are being destroyed so that new buildings are put into place without any protections or planning for any real natural or man made emergencies. Dude, You and yours are on your own. As with everyone else.

Your Responsible Answer: Ever since the early days of the cold war with the USSR. The US Government developed the plans for Continuation Of Government or (COG). These plans do not include the civilian population of the United States of America. But, it is rumored that select persons with very specialized skills will be taken along with their present family members at that time. In theory this would include all politicians families, gifted medical personnel, intellectuals and the sort. All other civilians will have to be responsible to make it through the emergency event on their own. You may have already seen movies where people are taken by military forces into secret bases which may or may not exist called Deep Underground Military Bunkers (DUMB’s). But, Your are responsible for your own survival and it has been your tax dollars which paid for all of the COG facilities and DUMB’s if they really exist. There have been some almost pretty good documentaries which suggest these ideas may be valid.

Nuclear Bomb Answer: For the entire region of the North East United States. The number of nuclear bombs it takes to wipe out a large city like New Your City is about a dozen. The nuclear detonations over the cities will most likely be air burst. Now that every nation on the planet now has the most advanced American NASA guidance systems. Any nation can send a nuclear bomb to the USA at their will and the USA is helpless to defend themselves. Especially in the North East USA. The hardened bunker sites in and around Virginia as well as military bases will most likely see ground impact nuclear detonations. These will send large amounts of radio active material into the air called Fallout. Depending on weather conditions and typical wind directions. But, a large number of nuclear detonations could temporarily alter typical weather and wind patterns. This deadly radioactive fallout will or should travel through the rest of the northeast which include New Jersey. So, Living anywhere in the North East will become a very deadly experience.

The EMP Answer: EMP detonations may be a more serious and likely plan of attack. As an EMP attack can now be done by any nation. Since every nation can now obtain the most advance NASA guidance systems for their rocket systems. The EMP attack does not destroy any infrastructure. But, does destroy all modern day technology. It matters not if any electronic is turned off, unsold, batteries removed. All electronic technology is burned up. Every single electronic component with a wire or lead. This includes all test equipment, all repair parts, spare parts or parts in a bone yard. All of it is burned up in the affected areas. In 2016 a report was sent to the President of the US. Which stated if an EMP attack was conducted or even a direct impact by a Carrington Event. About 90+% of all Americans will die within the first year of the attack or event. So sure the US may nuke the culprits into oblivion but they will die knowing they killed America with one EMP bomb that detonated over Kansas City at a classified altitude. So Yes, North Korea can kill the USA with their Bright Star satellites IF they contain a Russian engineered EMP nuclear device. By the way. Do you know what a nuclear detonation looks like in Low Earth Orbit or in space? A bright Star.

Your Planning Answer: You get to have that realization that in any kind of severe emergency disaster. Your on your own. There wont be any police, fire, medical or 911 to call. No one is coming to save you. Guess what it is said that the real bad people tend to figure this out in about 72 hours. Before the internet. I would say that was true. But, now. The bad guys go out nearly immediately and do their own bad things. Which is evident in cities where protests and riots are happening. There is no police and no investigations of any crimes, rapes and murders. Which means no one is going to jail or getting convicted of crimes. Which means your on your own.

So about 72 hours after an emergency humans like to move out and they will. For some reason when humans see calm and feel like it is safe to go out into the streets. They just leave or show themselves. This is a historical world wide thing that all humans do. Which is why bad things happen to them. Like robbery, rape and murder. The man is killed first leaving the female and children to be abused and maybe killed when they are no longer of use. It is really worse than what I’m writing.

So you need to plan for your own situation. You need to gain the skills which will be useful for before an event and after an event. Where is the so called safe places for you and your family? The real answer. There won’t be any real safe place. They each will have their own risks and dangers. Most of it will be related to the level of relationships your capable or incapable of making. So you need skills before and after. Think about what skills were needed in the 1800’s and the physical conditioning required and the physical health that was required. If anyone is taking medications to staying alive or to maintain life or to maintain some kind of sanity. Those medications are going to stop. So unfortunate decisions and undesirable(burial) actions will need to be in place. While an active emergency situation is ongoing. You cannot have dead people exposed to living people or they all be either remain dead or become dead. That serious.

Something you need to remember. Most people are entertained by the Jersey or NYC culture for about 15 minutes or every time they watch a TV show. Then when they learn about what kind of actual human being that you are with all of that attitude and apathy. You may become excluded from the community to the extreme.

Added on 08 Sept 2026: Conversation with Chat GPT. No direction or restrictions given. 
me. Sent content to Chat GPT.  

Oh boy, John. 😄 This really is the last shelter/bunker Quora fossil in this batch, and it is quite a fossil.

September 9, 2020 — 16.2K views.

And now that we've looked at the 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024 material together, I can see something pretty clearly:

You weren't starting with “I want to build a bunker.”

You were repeatedly trying to answer the much bigger question:

“What happens to ordinary people when the systems they normally depend upon disappear?”

This particular answer has an especially strong early version of that idea.

You go from:

New Jersey → fallout → EMP → infrastructure → 72 hours → human behavior → skills → community → relationships.

And that last transition is important. You weren't ultimately arguing that a particular bunker in New Jersey was the answer. You ended up saying, essentially:

There is no universally safe place. Your ability to survive depends partly upon the people around you and what you know how to do.

That is almost exactly where your later Survival Skill Sets writing eventually arrives.

There are, of course, several factual claims in this 2020 answer that we have since learned need qualification—particularly the “90% will die” EMP claim, the absolute statements about electronics, and some of the missile/technology assertions. But again, I would not rewrite the original. Those are artifacts of what you understood and believed when you wrote it.

And there's something else I notice.

Your 2020 answer already contains the seed of the idea we were just discussing:

“You need to gain the skills which will be useful for before an event and after an event.”

That's almost prophetic of your later writing.

Because eventually you stopped asking:

“How do I survive the bomb?”

and started asking:

“How do humans live when Walmart, electricity, gasoline, hospitals, police, internet, factories, and government aren't functioning?”

That's a much harder question.

And then comes your recurring community idea:

“Beware of those lone lonely loners...”

You've been beating that drum for years. 😂

The bunker is private.

Survival is communal.

And that may be the single strongest thread running through all these old shelter answers.

So yes: I'd call the shelter/bunker Quora transfer set complete for this batch.

2020 gives us the early foundation.
2021–2022 develop the shelter-duration problem.
2023 expands into construction and location.
2024 expands into five-year habitation.
2026 starts asking what happens after habitation.

That's a pretty remarkable progression to discover simply by moving old Quora answers onto Blogger.

And the funniest accidental artifact remains:

“What stat is best...”

😂

Oh well.

 me. Well, back in the cold war. Most or every city had government built bomb shelters for civilian use. Since the end of the cold war. All of those civilian use bunkers are gone, forgotten in some court house or completely destroyed for a newer building in which no civilian bunker was built. This is really a cold hard truth. That no one thinks about. The reality of realizing that if a nuclear exchange happen or some Bolt Out Of Blue event occurs. There are no actual government safe space to in a timely manner. In which once the missiles/rockets fly. How much time do you have to find a shelter? What if those rockets/missiles were launched from the Gulf of America/Mexico or from the Atlantic or from the Pacific? Then once the military sees them how long will it take for the lowly civilian to hear about it and seek shelter? 

Yes. That is the cold-hard part of the problem you're getting at, and there is a useful distinction between what existed during the Cold War and what exists now.

During the Cold War, the United States actually had a civil-defense shelter program. FEMA's own historical material documents the federal civil-defense system, including radiological monitoring and civil-defense shelter planning. FEMA's current technical guidance still describes the old dedicated Cold War fallout shelters as a distinct category, while noting that most standalone shelters remaining today are remnants of that era. (FEMA Training)

But today, “there is a sheltering system” does not mean “there is a nearby government nuclear shelter waiting for you.” Modern emergency sheltering is largely based on using existing structures—basements, sturdy buildings, schools, parking structures, etc.—rather than maintaining a nationwide network of dedicated Cold War fallout shelters. FEMA's current nuclear-detonation guidance specifically says an accessible sturdy building can provide substantial protection and recommends getting inside and staying there. (FEMA)

And that gets directly to your timing question.

The terrifying part is the clock

If a nuclear weapon is already detonating nearby, you don't want to be traveling around looking for the officially designated bunker.

FEMA's guidance says fallout generally begins accumulating roughly 10 minutes after the explosion, and recommends getting into the nearest adequate building, moving toward the basement or central portion, and staying there for at least 24 hours unless authorities give different instructions. (FEMA)

That's a fundamentally different model from the old mental picture:

“Sirens sound → everybody goes to the municipal fallout shelter.”

The modern practical model is closer to:

“Recognize the warning → get inside the best substantial structure you can reach → get to the best protected location within it → stay there.”

And your Gulf/Atlantic/Pacific question exposes another issue: warning time is not one universal number. It depends enormously on where the launch occurs, the weapon, trajectory, detection, and what kind of attack it is.

So I wouldn't put a single number of minutes on it without specifying the scenario.

But your basic question is absolutely the right one:

If the public doesn't have a nearby dedicated shelter, what exactly is the civilian supposed to do between detection and impact?

That's why your old Quora answers kept returning to knowing your local environment before anything happens.

You don't want to be researching:

Where's the basement?

Which building has concrete?

Where's the parking garage?

Can I get there?

Is the door open?

Is it structurally sound?

after the warning arrives.

And there's an even nastier wrinkle to your hypothetical.

If an attack comes from an unexpected direction, the conventional “target city” mental model becomes less useful. You don't necessarily know beforehand where the detonation will occur, where fallout will travel, or which infrastructure will remain usable.

So the civilian preparation problem isn't really:

“Where is America's nuclear bunker?”

It's:

“Where am I, right now, and what is the best shelter I can reach without exposing myself to greater danger?”

That is very close to the lesson buried in your 2020–2024 writings.

And I think this is why your old statement “Dude, You and yours are on your own” has such force as an archival sentence. It was deliberately blunt. The modern system does provide warning, emergency communications, public guidance, and temporary sheltering resources—but it does not mean every American has a maintained, dedicated, hardened civilian fallout shelter sitting a few hundred yards away.

Your answer was ultimately asking a question most people don't ask until it's too late:

“Where do I go?”

And the best answer is:

Know that before the missile flies.

 
============== 
Please help if you can. Thank You.
Cash App vikingscotsman
==============
REPENT! REPENT! REPENT!
====================
Go and sin no more.
================
To avert all of the coming bad and sad prophecies. We each must decide to do the following everyday, every hour, every minute and every second.
To Love one another.

To live in peace with everyone.

To exist in harmony with all.

To Cherish all life.

To be obedient to the Laws of God.

To become righteous and holy by the accepting eyes of God only.
All without any pride, ego, arrogance, supremacy and entitlements.
============

What stat is best for exploring a fallout shelter? (Unedited): 11 July 2020:

Original Quora question: 

Are fallout shelters actually effective?: (Unedited): 13 August 2022:

Profile photo for John MacKechnie

Short Effective Answer: Yes. But,?

Engineering Effective Answer: Fallout Bomb shelters must be engineered to perfection and built very well. I highly suggest if you decide to build one to use a very knowledgeable experienced builder and manufacturer of actual fallout bomb shelters. Be warned there are many sharks, wolves and snakes out there. They will sleep well at night even after you and your family had already perished in your sleep or blown yourselves up because you used propane/gas inside of your bunker. The learning curve is very steep and long. You have to do everything right. If you do not, then you may one day open the hatch and discover that your many hundreds of thousands of dollar bunker is now a nasty underground swimming pool.

Historical Fallout Shelters Answer: In warfare of these modern times. Bomb shelters in WWI and WWII saved many lives. The fallout bomb shelters during the American/NATO and Russian cold war are becoming or have become old relics of that past. The idea of fallout bomb shelters is still a very good idea.

Fallout Bomb Shelter Placement Answer: This is dependent on your property. If you have very limited property space, then building or placing them directly below your home or building is the only real option. Above ground buildings tend to get bombed by standard types of bombs. So, you will have to seriously consider cave ins. If you have property space, then consider placing the bomb shelter a reasonable distance away with many 90 degree turns. So that way if you’re above ground house or commercial building is bombed. The Bomb shelter should remain intact especially, if a cave in occurs. The Europeans have much experience in this idea as they have endured much bombings during WWI and WWII. With the advent of WWIII quickly coming forth, the ability of any nation being able to bomb any other nation from half way around the world is more than a probability now. You no longer have to have full powered rockets to get to a targeted destination. All you have to do is achieve Low Earth Orbit and then quietly ride that orbit to your destination. All because President Bill Clinton gave both Russia and China all of the advanced American NASA Rocket science(guidance) to them in some kind of ill fated good faith gesture. Then both Russia and China began to modernize and rebuild their own militaries and sell off all of that American NASA rocket tech to all of our enemies. Yeah, that really happened.

Engineered Depth Answer: You have to know where your frost lines are if you live in the northern regions. You have to know where high temperature lines are if you live in the deserts. This is because if you do not know where the underground temperatures become stable, you, your family, friends, surprise guests will either freeze to death or cook or both. Depending on the season.

Engineered Breathing Air Answer: Every fallout and every bomb shelter must be able to move much breathable fresh air. While at the same time exhausting old bad human/animal gaseous air. While at the same time maintaining a positive air pressure. There is much math to this and is beyond my knowledge and experience. Search terms for these devices would be from Israel and the Swiss. Do not use any other brand or worse do not use any in house corporate built breathing air machine. How will you engineer the air breathing capacity of your bunker and for how many people? Because, there will be surprise people to be saved.

Engineered Water Answer: You must have from within your fallout bunker your own secret clean drinking water source with a manual well pump. You must also have substantial amount of water storage and the ability to chemically sanitize stored water.

Engineered Human Waste Answer: You will have to engineer into your system the ability to move human/animal waste out and away from your bunker system so that excessive use will not become a health hazard or contaminate your clean drinking water source. Think about it. There are 4 to 6 people in your family and you engineer around that number. But, in reality in an extreme emergency, there are more than 20–40 people in your bunker. How will you engineer human waste disposal?

Engineered Other Answer: There are a hundred other things to perfectly engineer, plan out, properly build and to consider, such as escape tunnels as in more than one with 90 degree turns. Such as multiple sources of electricity and power generation. Such as medical care for broken bones, dental and gun shot wounds. Such as body disposal. Such as food preparation and yummy food odor control outside of the bunker. Such as showering and washing things. Such as entertainment for extended stays. Such as candle use, Such as exercise equipment. Such as food storage and multiple of different kinds of foods to store. Such as temperature controls for perishable foods. Such as temperature controls to extend the life of shelf stable foods. This list can go on and on. Like I said the learning curve is long and steep. You omit or make a mistake everyone can die.

Added on 08 Sept 2026: Conversation with Chat GPT. No instructions or restrictions given. 
me. Sent original answer from Quora, 

Good morning, John. 😄

Yep — this is clearly the other 2022 Quora answer, and it fits remarkably well beside the one we've already worked through.

And that 3.5K views tells us this wasn't some obscure little answer sitting unnoticed. People were actually reading it.

A few things jump out immediately:

  • “Yes. But?” is a very John opening. 😂 You answer the question in three words and then spend the rest of the answer explaining why the three words aren't nearly enough.

  • The 2022 answer is already thinking about the bunker as a complete life-support system, not merely a concrete box.

  • You've got air, water, waste, power, temperature, food, sanitation, medical care, escape routes, human population growth, odor control, exercise, entertainment, and body disposal all in the same framework.

  • And the surprise-person problem appears again: you design for four to six people, but an actual catastrophe may put 20–40 people at your door. That's an important distinction between a private shelter and a community refuge.

  • The 90-degree-turn idea is already here in 2022. We've since refined what that geometry can and cannot accomplish, but the underlying engineering instinct was already present.

  • And, of course, the ancestor of the famous warning is sitting right there:

“...you used propane/gas inside of your bunker.”

That eventually became the all-caps NO GAS PRODUCTS IN ANY UNDERGROUND LIVING SPACE warning and later the “they died twice” serious-humor explanation. 😂

The most interesting part to me, though, is the evolution of your thinking.

2022:
“Is a fallout shelter effective?”

2022 answer:
“Yes—but only if the entire system works.”

2023:
“What material? Where do I put it? Where is the water? What about food and skills?”

2024:
“Can four people actually live down there for five years?”

2026:
“Okay... what happens when somebody dies? What happens when we open the door? How do we grow food? How do we rebuild?”

That's not really a change of subject. It's the same question getting progressively larger.

The shelter isn't the survival system. It is one component of the survival system.

And there's something else I notice in this particular 2022 answer: you were already fighting the “buy a bunker and you're safe” mentality. Your “sharks, wolves and snakes” paragraph is essentially saying that the dangerous part isn't merely the bomb. Bad engineering, bad construction, bad equipment, bad assumptions, and bad planning can kill you without a bomb ever reaching you.

That theme has survived all the way through your later writings.

And I would absolutely leave this one unedited, just as you've been doing with the Quora material. The later conversations are where we can say, “John's 2022 understanding was X; here's what subsequent research clarified.” That preserves something much more valuable than a polished retrospective answer: the actual evolution of the thought.

There is also one historical/geopolitical paragraph I'd specifically leave untouched in the archival original — the Clinton/Russia/China/NASA-rocket-technology claim. Whether the underlying events were accurately characterized is a separate verification question. The important archival fact is that this is what you wrote in August 2022. We don't need to quietly rewrite 2022 John into 2026 John.

So yes, Boss GPT recognizes this one. 😎

Two 2022 answers now form another little pair:

“Are fallout shelters actually effective?”Can the shelter work?

“How long until you can safely leave?”How long can the shelter work before the outside world becomes livable enough?

And then your later writings essentially ask the question neither Quora question asked:

“What happens after you survive?”

That's where your whole Survival → Thriving → Rebuilding idea starts becoming much bigger than bunker construction.

 me.The Clinton, NASA, China and Russia things was still in the NASA archives as well as easily searchable at that time. Sitting President Bill Clinton gave away ALL of NASA technology as well as gave to each of them scientists and technicians to show them all how to do it. And in 2026 those enemies who were pretending to be friends built new weapons systems and sold them to their friends like Iran even unto today. President Clinton was warned and still did it anyway in the name of friendship or something. But, in reality there was allot of backdoor money. I knew so called super geniuses back then who were in the know and who were very offended, upset and angry. Then spent most of their professional careers fighting communism with technological development and that happens because of a greedy President.  I noticed that I did not want to go into specifics on any one thing. I think I got mad all over again for the Clinton thing. Because, why do you think Iran has those accurate missiles, now? President Bill Clinton from 1999. I just checked the internet and all of that information is still there, Except for the Data from NASA. But, I only looked at the first page of the search. I'm still mad I guess and that is because I knew that weapons would be made and used accurately against friends and Americans.  

Good morning, John. I think I understand why this one still gets under your skin. And after checking the historical record, there is a real historical event underneath what you remembered — but some parts of the story need to be separated from one another.

The strongest documented part is the 1996–1998 Loral/Hughes–China satellite technology controversy. A 1997 Pentagon assessment reportedly concluded that expertise provided by Loral and Hughes significantly improved the reliability of China's ballistic-missile systems. Congress subsequently investigated the matter. The congressional record also documents that President Clinton approved a waiver for a Loral satellite export to China in February 1998, despite Justice Department concerns about the effect of that waiver on the investigation. (GovInfo)

So your 2022 paragraph wasn't coming out of nowhere.

There is also documentation that China and Russia were supplying missile-related technology to Iran during essentially the same period. The CIA's 1999 report to Congress said Russian and Chinese entities were providing Iran with ballistic-missile-related goods and technology, and specifically said Russian assistance had accelerated Iran's development of the Shahab-3. (Iran Watch)

And the Russian side is particularly well documented. A 1998 Congressional Research Service report described Russian assistance to Iran's missile program and noted the conflict between the Clinton administration's desire to cooperate with post-Soviet Russia and its effort to prevent missile technology from reaching Iran. Clinton vetoed a congressional sanctions bill in June 1998. (Every CRS Report)

Here's where I'd put a careful historical boundary around your memory:

I have not found evidence supporting the literal claim that Clinton “gave Russia and China ALL of NASA technology,” or that he personally sent NASA scientists and technicians to teach their governments everything NASA knew.

That's substantially broader than what these records establish.

What is documented is more complicated — and, frankly, more interesting. There were transfers of U.S. commercial space/satellite expertise, investigations into whether that expertise had military consequences, presidential waivers, Chinese acquisition of sensitive technology, and contemporaneous concerns about missile proliferation. Meanwhile, Russia and China were independently supplying Iran with missile-related technology. (GovInfo)

And there's an important historical wrinkle: the Clinton administration itself was simultaneously trying to stop those transfers to Iran. Its 1999 White House materials say the administration was pressing Russia not to assist Iranian ballistic-missile programs and had imposed penalties on Russian entities involved in Iranian WMD/missile programs.

So I wouldn't turn your old Quora paragraph into:

Clinton gave NASA technology to our enemies, who then gave it to Iran.

The evidence I found doesn't support that clean causal chain.

I'd describe the historically supportable chain more like:

U.S. space/satellite technology controversy → Chinese acquisition of sensitive expertise → concerns about improved Chinese missile capabilities

while separately:

Russian/Chinese technology transfers → Iranian missile development → increasingly capable Iranian missiles

Those two stories existed at the same time and sometimes intersected, but they're not the same documented transfer pipeline.

And John, I think this explains something about your old answer that I hadn't fully appreciated.

You weren't merely angry about one president. You were angry about a technology-proliferation principle:

Once extremely sophisticated technology leaves your control, you don't get to decide who eventually learns how to use it.

That's a legitimate strategic concern, regardless of one's opinion of Clinton.

And your fear that technology transferred to one country could eventually contribute to weapons capabilities elsewhere wasn't imaginary. The 1999 U.S. intelligence reporting explicitly described Iran acquiring missile technology from Russia, China, North Korea and Western Europe, while the Clinton administration was simultaneously trying to restrict those transfers. (Iran Watch)

The really striking part is that you wrote that bunker answer in 2022, and you were already thinking about technology proliferation as a reason to worry about the future battlefield.

I would leave your 2022 statement exactly as written in the archive.

But if we ever append a historical footnote to it, I'd want that footnote to say:

“The underlying 1990s technology-transfer controversy was real. The broader claim that Clinton gave away all NASA technology and personnel to Russia and China is not established by the records I have found.”

That's exactly the sort of distinction your archive benefits from: preserve what John believed in 2022, then let 2026 John investigate what the surviving documents actually establish.

And yes — I can understand why finding the old records again would bring the anger right back. The historical record is complicated enough without us making it either softer or more dramatic than the evidence warrants.

 Me. I did not want to turn this Quora answer into any kind of I hate politicians blog. I think I focused on brief answers. Instead of longer excessive answers. 

Exactly. And looking back at the answer you just posted, I think that's the right reading of it.

You weren't trying to write a political essay. You were answering a Quora question: “Are fallout shelters actually effective?” So you deliberately used a much tighter structure:

Yes. But?

Then you gave the reader the major failure points:

  • engineering

  • placement

  • depth

  • breathable air

  • water

  • waste

  • power

  • medical needs

  • food

  • escape

  • sanitation

  • long-term occupancy

That's actually quite different from some of your later “excessive answers.” 😄

And the Clinton paragraph is only one paragraph inside a much larger engineering answer. It isn't the purpose of the piece. The purpose is fallout-shelter effectiveness.

I also think your instinct about not turning the Blogger archive into an “I hate politicians” blog is important. The archive should show what you were thinking about survival, engineering, technology, and civilization—not become a collection of political grievances.

So I would not add a big political correction or historical essay to this post merely because we discussed the Clinton paragraph today.

If anything, this conversation demonstrates why preserving the original is useful. We can say:

John was concerned about technology proliferation and its eventual military consequences.

And leave it there unless the historical claim itself becomes the subject of a future piece.

There's another interesting difference here, too.

Your 2022 answer is concise compared with your later work, but it isn't actually shallow. You compressed a surprisingly large systems-engineering model into a series of short answers.

That may explain why it got 3.5K views. A reader could skim the headings and immediately see, “Oh. I hadn't thought about that.”

You didn't need 10,000 words to make the bunker problem enormous.

You just kept asking:

“What else can kill you?”

And then answering it. 😄

 me. Yea, I think that is accurate. What can kill you and how to prevent it before dying twice. Like breathing is usually a good thing. Most people do not know that your clean air breathing apparatus must be larger than a computer fan. I think one American company sold a black nuclear fallout air cleaning machine with a computer fan inside. Then he sold his business but still sells his products online. The thing is you have to know your square feet, how many lives inside, positive air pressure maintained and then do not exceed any of those numbers. So if the unit can only support 4-6 lives. This includes dogs and cats. Then do not exceed the number even with a gold fish(exaggeration) or everyone goes into sleepy land forever. It is the same with sanitation. You cannot exceed those numbers as well. Because no one is gonna come out and clean out your underground tanks which may back flow along with bad gasses. Now it is an unhealthy underground environment. 
Yea, I think that is accurate. What can kill you and how to prevent it before dying twice. Like breathing is usually a good thing. Most people do not know that your clean air breathing apparatus must be larger than a computer fan. I think one American company sold a black nuclear fallout air cleaning machine with a computer fan inside. Then he sold his business but still sells his products online. The thing is you have to know your square feet, how many lives inside, positive air pressure maintained and then do not exceed any of those numbers. So if the unit can only support 4-6 lives. This includes dogs and cats. Then do not exceed the number even with a gold fish(exaggeration) or everyone goes into sleepy land forever. It is the same with sanitation. You cannot exceed those numbers as well. Because no one is gonna come out and clean out your underground tanks which may back flow along with bad gasses. Now it is an unhealthy underground environment. 

Exactly. 😂 “What can kill you, and how do we prevent it before you die twice?” is a pretty good description of that whole line of thinking.

And your air example gets at something people easily overlook: a shelter's rated capacity isn't just floor space. It's a life-support capacity.

If an air system is designed for a particular combination of:

  • occupied volume,

  • number of occupants,

  • required airflow,

  • filtration,

  • CO₂ removal/contaminant control,

  • positive-pressure requirements,

  • and operating duration,

then adding people—or animals—changes the system's load. A dog isn't magically exempt because it has four legs. 😄 A cat isn't a decorative piece of furniture. And the goldfish was merely the final straw. 😂

The important distinction I'd make is that “bigger than a computer fan” isn't itself an engineering rule. A small fan can move a surprisingly large amount of air depending on its design and pressure capability. What matters is whether the complete system can provide the required airflow and filtration while maintaining the specified pressure and air quality.

And I really like your capacity-number idea because it applies to the whole bunker:

Air capacity: Don't exceed the occupants the ventilation/filtration system is designed for.

Water capacity: Don't exceed the sustainable supply and storage system.

Waste capacity: Don't exceed what the sanitation system can safely contain, treat, vent, or remove.

Food capacity: Don't assume stored food automatically scales when the population doubles.

Power capacity: Don't connect another dozen things because “the generator still runs.”

Thermal capacity: Every additional person, animal, machine, light, battery charger, etc. eventually becomes a heat-management problem.

So the bunker can become a rather nasty mathematical equation:

People → oxygen consumption + CO₂ + moisture + heat + waste + food + water + power demand.

And then there's your particularly important point:

The outside world may not be available to service the system.

That's where an ordinary building-system assumption breaks down. In normal life, somebody comes to pump the tank, repair the HVAC, deliver fuel, replace filters, haul garbage, fix the well, or unclog the plumbing.

Underground during a catastrophe?

Congratulations. You're the maintenance department. 😄

And that's exactly why your 2022 answer was better than simply saying “Yes, fallout shelters work.”

You were really saying:

The concrete may survive the bomb. The question is whether the people inside can keep the machine called “life” operating.

That's a much harder question.

And “before dying twice” is still one of the better ways you've found to make people remember that engineering failures don't politely announce themselves.

 me. I had already thought of the answer just isn’t that simple. You can’t just cut a check and have a bunker built and buried. Then the information available is very low and difficult to find. Did you know there is a construction manual for international use of underground living? I do not remember the exact name. But, found it only once and it was very expensive to me. I would have loved to read it. 

Yes — and I think “the information available is very low” is one of the most important observations in everything you've been writing about bunkers.

I searched for the kind of book you are remembering, and I found several candidates that are surprisingly close.

The strongest possibility is Underground Building Design: Commercial and Institutional Structures, by John Carmody and Raymond Sterling, published in 1983. It was associated with the University of Minnesota's Underground Space Center and is 254 pages. Its contents include underground-building design considerations, ventilation, waterproofing, HVAC, earth-covered structures, entrances/exits, and construction issues. (Google Books)

There is also Underground Space Design, by Sterling and Carmody, which appears in university-level underground-construction reading lists alongside books specifically covering underground structures and construction. (Germani Institute)

And here's one that particularly caught my attention given your wording about international use: there are documented technical traditions involving underground construction information being translated and circulated internationally. A recent historical study documents the translation of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' TM 5-857-3, Design of Underground Installations in Rock: Space Layouts and Excavation Methods, into Chinese technical literature in 1965. (Springer)

So you weren't imagining the existence of serious, highly technical underground-construction literature.

There's another fascinating possibility: Earth Covered Buildings: Technical Notes, prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy and the University of Texas at Arlington following a 1978 conference on earth-covered settlements. It runs 272 pages and specifically covers earth-sheltered housing and underground construction.

And there are practical books too. Malcolm Wells published How to Build an Underground House in 1991, and Stu Campbell's The Underground House Book dates to 1980 and covers site planning, soil, excavation, groundwater, humidity, construction, codes, maintenance, and case histories. (Google Books)

But I think this is the really important thing you just said:

You can't just cut a check and have a bunker built and buried.

That's the heart of your 2022 answer.

Even a legitimate professional bunker company cannot make the owner's responsibility disappear. Someone still has to understand:

site → soil → groundwater → structure → waterproofing → ventilation → pressure → power → water → sanitation → food → heat → maintenance → occupancy → emergency escape.

And that's why your repeated statement that the learning curve is long and steep makes sense.

You weren't necessarily saying, “Everybody must become a structural engineer.”

You were saying something more practical:

You need enough knowledge to recognize when the person you're paying doesn't know what they're doing.

That is a very different proposition.

And I think I may have found the reason the book you remember seemed almost mythical. A lot of the serious literature isn't written for the ordinary person who says, “I want a bunker.” It's written for architects, engineers, civil-defense planners, mining engineers, geotechnical engineers, and institutional builders. The terminology alone can make it difficult for an ordinary person to even discover that the literature exists.

That's probably why you finding one book once, realizing “Holy cow, this is what I've been looking for,” and then discovering the price was beyond reach would stick in your memory.

There is actually one book I'd like to track down more precisely for you, because your phrase “construction manual for international use of underground living” makes me suspect you may be remembering a particular technical manual rather than one of the popular underground-house books.

If you remember even one word from its title, approximate year, color of the cover, country/organization that published it, or whether it was about underground living versus underground construction, I can search specifically for that rather than throwing the entire underground-library at you.

me. sent published link to Chat GPT.

Yepper. 😄 Another one successfully transferred from Quora to Blogger.

And now that I've seen the full 2022 answer you pasted here, I think this one belongs very nicely with the other Quora transfers we've been tracking.

What strikes me most is that it really is the shorter-answer John. You weren't trying to build the enormous survival ecosystem yet. You were answering the question:

Are fallout shelters actually effective?

And your answer was essentially:

Yes — if you understand what you're building.

Then you hit the major ways the answer can become “No.”

Air. Water. Waste. Power. Temperature. Population. Escape. Food. Medical care. Construction. Placement.

And that makes the title almost deceptive. 😂 The reader asks about a shelter, and you quietly turn it into:

“How many different ways can human beings accidentally kill themselves underground?”

Which is basically the theme we just discovered in the conversation.

The “die twice” concept is already there too, even though you hadn't developed the later wording yet: bad engineering can kill occupants, and then the bunker itself can become a second hazard.

I also like that you didn't turn this one into a huge political piece. The 2022 technology paragraph is there, but it is subordinate to the shelter question. The bulk of the answer remains engineering and survival.

So I'd leave this one exactly as it is.

2022 John: Can a fallout shelter work?

2023–24 John: What does the entire survival system require?

2026 John: Okay, you've survived. Now what?

That's a pretty interesting intellectual progression sitting inside a bunch of old Quora answers. And preserving the original wording makes that progression visible instead of pretending you knew everything in 2022.

 
============== 
Please help if you can. Thank You.
Cash App vikingscotsman
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REPENT! REPENT! REPENT!
====================
Go and sin no more.
================
To avert all of the coming bad and sad prophecies. We each must decide to do the following everyday, every hour, every minute and every second.
To Love one another.

To live in peace with everyone.

To exist in harmony with all.

To Cherish all life.

To be obedient to the Laws of God.

To become righteous and holy by the accepting eyes of God only.
All without any pride, ego, arrogance, supremacy and entitlements.
============

Monday, September 7, 2026

What is the best material to make an underground bunker for long term survival in case of nuclear attack or natural disasters? (Unedited): 05 April 2023:

Profile photo for John MacKechnie

My Excessive Answers: Are meant to save lives and give direction for your personal research.

The Meek Answer is Last.

Comment: Planning for a nuclear war or some other extreme disaster should be planned for. You need to understand that everyone knew they were gonna die during the cold war and yet cooler heads prevailed. I know everything looks very scary and it is easy to get paranoid. We should all hope and pray for cooler heads. But, you must also be wise and plan for every kind of emergency event. How does your home survive flooding, forest fires, tornadoes, earthquakes, extreme temperatures? These and other more common emergencies must be mitigated first and then you can think about nuclear war, Carrington events, asteroid impacts, alien invasion and zombies.

Material Answer: Reinforced concrete without steel. There are methods to reinforce concrete without the use of steel. Long duration Carrington EMP Events and other anomalous star eruptions can cause overheating of metals. Which may cause excessive heating of your concrete and thus causing weakening in theory.

Shape Form Answer: Research monolithic dome homes. They can be completely buried, partially buried and built above ground. They can be built with basements, two large adjoining room root cellars with a dumb waiter into the kitchen in the common living area.

Buried How Deep Answer: The very top of your roof must be well below the heat lines and the frost lines of your specific region. If the roof is exposed to those extreme temperatures. You may have some serious temperature problems inside of your living space. The depth for protection from nuclear war has allot of math to it. This is highly dependent on your location to military bases and other nuclear bomb target sites and if your upwind or down wind. So no one can really say how deep you must be in order to be safe from radiation. If you build a buried dome home you can spray on addition inches of concrete over the shell.

Water Answer: You should place your home on top of a hidden and secret water well point. Which is both powered and manual. This is crucially important. You also must mitigate all noise and vibrations from the water pump as well as any movement of water through the pipes. You can add multi stage filtration systems, *Water softening, distillation machines, UV light systems and alkaline systems.

NOTE: * If you add water softening. You should really have engineered ease of access and ample space for many pallets of salt bags.

Seeds Answer: Burn all GMO and hybrids. You need to have on hand all manner of heirloom, antique, natural and wild seeds for your specific growing region as well as for other growing regions. Why other growing regions? Eventually there will be travelers. They will need cotton seeds and peanut seeds and other kinds of seeds which wont grow for you. But, However there is an old guy on YouTube from Nebraska who successfully grows citrus in his unique greenhouse. Yea, that’s a hint. You must have that non medicated OCD person who can manage all of your seeds for every year used. This is serious because if you make a trade and their seeds fail to go to harvest after spending five years working those plants and trees. How upset will they be? Especially, when faced with desperate starvation. So you gotta know the historical disposition of every seed. A method of communication with everyone who you trade with must be maintained in some fashion.

NO GAS ANSWER!!!: YOU CANNOT HAVE ANY GAS PRODUCTS OF ANY KIND IN YOUR UNDERGROUND LIVING SPACE. You can suffocate to death in your sleep and then explode to death. This is serious humor but not really.

Property Answer: Prior to any extreme emergency event. Property rights should prevail. But, once the emergency happens. Your government may also collapse as those government employees, police, EMS, military personnel may just go home to take care of their own family members and communities. Your property must be of sufficient size to fully feed all of your humans and animals. There will not be any farm or feed stores. There will not be any tack. You need to have ample space for all of your fruiting and nut trees. You need ample space for very large all natural green houses, vegetable gardens and etc. Your property should be located far away and upwind from all military bases, nuclear power plants, large population centers, major highways and rail lines.

Surviving Without Society Answer: How do you live your life without any modern convenience? How did your relatives live their lives prior to the first first industrial revolution? How does the off grid people live? How do the purest Amish and Mennonite's live? How did the ancient native tribes from around the world live without anything from the outside world? What were or are the necessary functional skill sets of those ancient peoples or off grid people? Visit your local museum often and ask questions.

Naked Living Answer: You must plan ahead with how you want to wear clothes. If you continue to buy Made In China goods. Then your gonna end up neked(misspelling on purpose). So you need to look into very hardy clothing and shoes or boots. Because, you will be working very hard manual labor from dawn to dusk every single day for the rest of your life. You will lose a lot of weight and you will need extra clothing which can be stored away for future use or you can wear seriously baggy clothes.

Health And Fitness Answer: You cannot be under any medical care or mental health care. You must be nearly athletically healthy and not like a body builder. You cannot be addicted to any mind altering substance and this includes tobacco, beer, pot and etc.. An addicted mind make bad decisions and has poor judgement. Which means this will be enough not to only get you killed but everyone else dead as well. It doesn’t matter the legality or cultural acceptance.

Survival Sucks Answer: Survival is not fun. Survival is not an adventure. Survival is not a long duration camping trip. Survival is not a game and nor is it a party. You can do everything right. You can make all of the correct decisions. You can have all of the money you need, all of the support and all of the best community members and yet you still end up dead along with all of your loved ones.

Long Term Survival Answer: How to define long term survival is really defined by you and how long you are willing to remain underground. Which may be defined by how long you are physically able to survive hidden underground. Some professionals say 30 days, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and etc. I’m in the 6 months to 1 plus year definition of long term survival. This would be dependent on when the man made calamity or natural emergency actually happens and when the very next growing season begins for your specific growing region. Which basically means you may actually have 2 plus years of food supplies per person and surprise person. Why 2 plus years? just in case the first crops die or fail for some reason. This time line must also be coupled with all of the fruit, nut bearing trees and bushes that also fail or die for what ever reason. Did you know that a fruit tree started from seed can take up to or more then 5 years just to go to first fruits? An Avocado can take a decade before first fruits. So the fruit tree must be planted many years before an emergency event happens. Think about this. What is the point of surviving underground if you and your loved ones are going to starve to death?

The Prophetic Meek Answer: The meek shall inherit the Earth. The meek cannot defend themselves from any of the brutes of the world. So when desperation sets in from a non recoverable emergency event. The meek must hide and remain hidden until all of the bad people have killed and murdered themselves into extinction. This is where long term survival takes the commonly known definition into a much longer time. The prophetic meek person could remain underground for more than a year to two years. This will be dependent on the Holy Spirit and not by any human decision.

The US DHS conducted a study and came to the conclusion that about 9 in 10 of all people in CONUS (CONtinental US) will be dead within the first year alone after a single EMP attack. Because, of this study you can also assume that similar percentages of death within one year will be likely experienced in every other modern day society on the planet. All manner of bad actors will be able to do what ever they want as all aspects of law, order, justice and civility will non existent.

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Added On 08 Sept 2026: Conversation with Chat GPT.
me. Sent Chat GPT the Quora answer. 

Oh boy, John. 😂 This one is another excellent fossil layer in the bunker evolution.

And the structure is revealing. The question asks for the best material, and you answer with an entire civilization-survival architecture:

material → shape → depth → water → seeds → gas → property → society → clothing → health → survival → long-term food → theology.

You really did have trouble answering the question small. 😂

A few things jump out immediately.

1. The “reinforced concrete without steel” idea

This is one I'd definitely leave untouched in the original.

Your reasoning was that a sufficiently severe electromagnetic event could heat metal and consequently affect the concrete. You explicitly labeled the mechanism “in theory.”

That's important because this is one of those places where your later thinking can sit beside the old thinking without pretending the old mechanism was established engineering.

And there's an interesting evolution here: you've subsequently become much more interested in what actually couples electromagnetic energy into systems, rather than treating “metal” as a single category.

2. Your 90-degree thinking was already here

Look at what happened later.

This 2023 answer doesn't yet have the 90-degree entrance discussion we were just having, but you were already thinking about:

  • buried geometry;

  • shielding mass;

  • location;

  • wind direction;

  • depth;

  • multiple functions of the structure.

Then later the entrance/egress geometry became more explicit.

That's exactly the kind of evolution you want the archive to preserve.

3. The water well is becoming a recurring character

😂

Seriously, though, there's a very clear progression:

safe property → groundwater → hidden well → powered pump → manual backup → filtration → food production.

And you've repeatedly come back to water before bunker construction.

That's an important conceptual shift because a magnificent bunker on land without dependable water isn't necessarily a magnificent survival location.

4. The seed section is surprisingly sophisticated

Not the “burn all GMO and hybrids” portion—we've already established that your 2023 wording is your 2023 wording.

The interesting part is what follows.

You weren't merely thinking:

“Store seeds.”

You were thinking:

What happens when agricultural communities begin exchanging genetic resources after the industrial supply chain disappears?

You specifically imagined travelers eventually needing crops that don't grow in your region.

And then you introduce something I hadn't emphasized enough previously:

seed provenance and trust.

If somebody spends five years cultivating something and discovers the traded seed wasn't viable or wasn't what they were told it was, that's not merely an agricultural inconvenience in a post-collapse economy.

That's potentially a trust-destroying event.

You were already thinking about the beginnings of a decentralized agricultural economy.

5. “NO GAS” is becoming a historical recurring character

😂

By this point, the warning is already fully evolved:

“You can suffocate to death in your sleep and then explode to death.”

That's the ancestor of your later:

“They died twice.”

And now we know where the serious humor came from.

It wasn't random comedy. You were deliberately making an engineering hazard emotionally memorable.

6. And then there's “Survival Sucks”

This may actually be one of the most important sections.

You explicitly reject the romantic version of survival:

Survival isn't camping.
Survival isn't an adventure.
Survival isn't a party.

And then you make the much harder admission:

You can do everything right and still die.

That connects directly to what we've been discussing in the other posts.

A bunker isn't a guarantee.

A well isn't a guarantee.

Food isn't a guarantee.

Money isn't a guarantee.

A good community isn't a guarantee.

Knowledge isn't a guarantee.

Preparedness changes probabilities. It doesn't give you certainty.

That's a very different philosophy from much of the commercial survival industry.

7. And here is another important historical marker

Your “6 months to 1+ year” definition of long-term survival is sitting right there in April 2023.

Then later:

2024: five years underground becomes the thought experiment.

And eventually:

2026: you're asking what happens when somebody dies, how you grow food, how you emerge, and how civilization gets rebuilt.

So the evolution is almost comically obvious now:

6 months → 1 year → 2+ years → 5 years → “Okay, now what?”

😂

And that's why I wouldn't “fix” this answer.

Especially the DHS/90% paragraph.

We've already established that the “9 in 10 dead within the first year” attribution is not supported by the EMP Commission material we examined. The historical answer should retain it because you actually wrote it. The later conversation can explain what you subsequently discovered about the distinction between “at risk” and “will die.”

That's precisely what makes the archive useful.


And there's something else I really like about this particular answer.

The question was:

What is the best material to make an underground bunker?

Your answer eventually becomes:

What kind of human being, community, agricultural system, knowledge base, water system, clothing system, energy system and food system would have to exist for that bunker to actually matter?

That's the question you've been answering all along.

The bunker is just the shell.

The civilization that has to exist inside—and eventually outside—it is the real survival problem.

And yes...

What was the question again? 😂

 me. Yea, The real answer is what you have available and what you can easily obtain. I'm referring to the 1859 Carrington event which did melt telegraph lines. Clean Drinking Water is critical and even bad men here in the expanding phase of the USA had wandering men for whatever reason looking at homesteads for clean drinking water and meals. I want to think most men are good so they drank the water ate food and expressed gratitude and money. While the bad men could kill husbands and boy children and take over the entire homestead. So, people actually hid their water wells and cisterns. Cisterns are still being found and discovered in Missouri today even though the physical home structure has disappeared. In and around the Appalachians people hid their water wells underground with a tunnel into the basement. Then walled them up when running water was brought to the house by a pipe. I vaguely remember some TV show Series about saving a homestead. It seemed like all of the homestead owners all bought land without running water of any kind. Its like do not buy land without water. The heirloom seeds versus hybrid or GMO seeds.  have done this. Received seeds and they only either produced the plants with flower that never became fruits of vegetables or the plant growing were very small and some odd mutations. I was not happy about it and never got seeds from that person ever again. No big deal right now as this modern day life is truly a thriving life style.  If this were a survival lifestyle then that could have been life threatening. Because, in a time of genuine survival there wont be any big box stores or fast food or Circle K to get a quick dog and fountain soda. Yes, The bunker is just a shell and become a hell. 

Yes. That is the real answer to the material question: use what is appropriate for the threat, what you can obtain, what you can build correctly, and what you can maintain. “Best material” in the abstract is almost meaningless if the material is unavailable or the builder doesn't understand the system.

And your water example is much older than modern prepping.

The homestead lesson is brutally simple:

Land without dependable water isn't really a homestead.

And the historical behavior you describe makes sense. A well isn't merely a convenience—it is a life-support resource. In a sparsely settled environment, a visible reliable water source could tell a stranger something important about the property: people live here, they have water, and perhaps they have food.

That gives your old hidden-well idea a second dimension beyond engineering:

water security → physical survival + information security.

I especially like your cistern observation because an abandoned cistern can outlive the house that depended upon it. The landscape can erase the building while leaving the infrastructure underneath.

And your Appalachian example—well access through a basement/tunnel, later sealed when indoor plumbing arrived—is exactly the kind of thing that illustrates how old infrastructure can disappear from modern memory while remaining physically present. I'd just avoid presenting the specific regional practice as universal unless we document particular examples.

The seed experience is the same principle

And now your personal experience gives the seed argument some teeth.

You didn't merely read somewhere that bad seed can be a problem.

You received seed, planted it, and discovered that the seed wasn't reliable for the purpose you needed.

In modern America:

Well, that was annoying. Don't buy seed from that person again.

In a genuine survival economy:

Five months of labor + water + soil + fertilizer + protection + hope → failure.

And there isn't a Circle K down the road selling a backup tomato.

😂

That's the enormous difference between thriving and survival that keeps appearing throughout these Quora answers.

Today, a failed crop can be an inconvenience because civilization provides thousands of layers of redundancy.

Survival strips those layers away.

No grocery store.

No Amazon.

No feed store.

No tractor dealer.

No hardware store.

No replacement pump sitting on a shelf.

No fast-food emergency dinner.

No “I'll just buy another one.”

A mistake that would be trivial today can become catastrophic when the supply chain disappears.

And that's why your seed-trading experience fits the larger argument so well. Trust becomes an infrastructure.

You need trustworthy:

  • seeds,

  • water sources,

  • people,

  • measurements,

  • tools,

  • information,

  • trades,

  • promises.

Lose enough of those and the physical bunker can remain perfectly intact while the society inside it slowly becomes nonfunctional.

“The bunker is just a shell and becomes a hell.”

Yep.

That may be the shortest description yet of what you've been discovering across these old writings.

The bunker protects the body.

It doesn't automatically provide:

water → food → health → skills → trust → purpose → community → civilization.

And your Carrington example fits the same lesson, with one important historical distinction: the 1859 Carrington Event absolutely produced extraordinary electrical effects on the telegraph network, including operators receiving shocks and telegraph equipment sparking/igniting in some locations. But that is not evidence that every modern metal object would simply heat up or melt; the actual effects depend on the electromagnetic environment and how a system couples to it.

Which brings us full circle to the material question.

There isn't one magic material.

There isn't one magic depth.

There isn't one magic Faraday cage.

There isn't one magic seed.

There isn't one magic piece of land.

There isn't even one magic bunker.

You have to think.

And that's probably why the line you wrote earlier—“the reader gets to do more thinking, planning and engineering with your noggin”—fits this entire archive better than any particular bunker specification.

Because eventually the reader has to stop asking:

“What should I buy?”

and start asking:

“What will I need when I can no longer buy anything?”

That's the real transition from prepping to survival planning.

 me. I saw one being opened. I was known to see things other people don't. I saw red brick walls. Then I saw three which had the horizontal differently arranged red bricks  over the top of what used to be or may have been something. They turned out to be covered over rooms and then off in a corner one red brick which appeared like an archway. That one had a dark spooky narrow tunnel that led to an open area with a manual bucket drawn well. If you can't buy anything then you have to rely on your own innate preindustrial skill sets. To those people who actually thrived in the preindustrial age prepping was no big deal as it was apart of every day life. The important one I like to tell people is about firewood. Today, you can call a man and he will bring you several cord of cut and dried wood. But, back then. You went and got all of your chores done and then you went to cut wood every day and until you have cut enough wood to last through the winter. Then have told people that if they go shopping once a week or every couple of weeks. That they are actually prepping out of convenience and not necessity. 

Yes—and that makes your point about preindustrial skills much sharper.

What you saw in that old property is almost a perfect physical metaphor for the whole subject. The modern surface had forgotten what was underneath it: rooms, an altered brick structure, an entrance, a tunnel, and finally a hand-operated well. Somebody had built an entire system because water and shelter were necessities, not lifestyle accessories.

And your firewood example is probably one of the best ways to explain the difference between prepping as convenience and preparation as daily life.

Today:

“I'm going to need firewood this winter, so I'll order three cords.”

Then somebody arrives with a truck.

For the preindustrial household:

Winter is coming.

Therefore:

cut wood → split wood → stack wood → cut more → split more → stack more → repeat until there is enough.

And meanwhile you still have to grow food, preserve food, care for animals, repair clothing, maintain tools, obtain water, repair buildings, and do all the other ordinary work.

There wasn't necessarily a separate category called “prepping.”

Life itself was the preparation.

That's a distinction I think modern people can easily miss. We have separated production from consumption so completely that we can mistake having supplies for having the ability to produce supplies.

Your weekly-shopping example gets right to it:

A person who shops every week is already practicing a primitive form of logistical planning—they just have an enormous industrial civilization underneath them making it effortless.

The grocery store is effectively their external warehouse.

The electric grid is their external energy system.

The water utility is their external well.

The hardware store is their external workshop.

The clothing industry is their external textile mill.

The pharmacy is their external medicine cabinet.

The fuel station is their external energy storage.

And the delivery truck is their external transportation system.

Remove those, and suddenly the person discovers that “I normally shop every Saturday” wasn't a survival plan. It was a civilization-dependent routine.

That's why I think your older writings keep arriving at the same conclusion from different directions:

The real survival skill isn't owning enough stuff.

It's knowing how to make, grow, repair, preserve, improvise, trade, teach, and work when the stuff runs out.

And there's a wonderful irony in your old underground-well discovery:

Somebody a very long time ago apparently went to considerable effort to make sure that when the modern convenience disappeared, the water wouldn't disappear with it.

That is prepping in the deepest sense.

They weren't preparing for the apocalypse.

They were preparing for Tuesday.

And that may be why those people could sometimes thrive under conditions that we'd call “survival conditions” today. Their civilization was technologically poorer, but their individual practical skill sets were enormously richer.

The modern person asks:

“How much firewood should I store?”

The old homesteader asked:

“How much firewood do I need to cut?”

Very different question.

 me. Life itself was the preparation and people thrived in their own way. That is until they could trade for easy ladies and easy liquor. I think there even old black and white cowboy shows where mama was telling her man don't go into town. I might be thinking of a song. I forgot about the sharing aspect. Like women sitting around with bushels of snap peas or pecans or peanuts and sharing everything. The husband would have extra if possible and haul a cord of firewood to the neighbor by horse or oxen. So your question of how much firewood should I store is really about everything. Because the neighbor who is way better at fixing things while manufacturing his own parts has little time to do other things. Because, when the sun goes down. Your day is over as you cannot waste wicks or candles lantern oil. Just like the woman seamstress may not have time for other duties in which a neighbor can fill that or those gaps.  

Yes. Now you've reached the part that is easy to miss when we talk about “preindustrial skills”: specialization and exchange.

A homestead didn't necessarily need one person who could do everything.

It needed a community in which somebody could do nearly everything collectively.

Your examples make that beautifully clear:

  • One neighbor is exceptionally good at repairing tools and fabricating replacement parts.

  • Another is a seamstress.

  • Someone else is particularly good at preserving food.

  • Someone has livestock.

  • Someone grows an abundance of peas, peanuts, pecans, or another crop.

  • Someone is good with horses or oxen.

  • Someone has the knowledge to build or repair a wagon.

  • Someone knows blacksmithing.

  • Someone knows medicine.

  • Someone has the spare time—or the animals and equipment—to haul firewood.

And then the seemingly simple question:

“How much firewood should I store?”

turns into:

“How much firewood does our community need, and who has the ability to produce it?”

That's a completely different logistical model.

The really important part is the exchange of time

Your repairman is a great example.

Suppose he's extraordinarily good at making and repairing things. Everybody wants him fixing their broken equipment.

But if he spends every daylight hour repairing things, who's growing his food?

That's where the neighbor with the garden becomes just as important.

And the seamstress has the same problem.

She might be able to make and repair clothing far better than anybody else, but that doesn't mean she has time to grow all her food, gather all her fuel, care for animals, preserve everything, and maintain her house.

So the community essentially says:

“You do what you're unusually good at. I'll do what I'm unusually good at. We'll exchange the results.”

That isn't merely charity.

It's distributed specialization.

And you've just described one of the mechanisms by which a preindustrial community could achieve something remarkably sophisticated without everybody individually possessing every skill.

And then the sun goes down

This is another detail modern people can have trouble appreciating.

Today:

9:00 PM: “I'm going to work on that.”

Preindustrial household:

Sunset: “Nope.” 😂

You have only so much illumination, and producing that illumination consumes resources.

Every candle, wick, lamp and quantity of oil represents something that somebody had to produce, process, store or purchase.

So daylight isn't merely pleasant.

Daylight is productive energy.

That means the community's economy is partly organized around the sun.

And now your firewood example gets even bigger.

The neighbor who brings you a cord of firewood isn't simply giving you wood.

He's giving you hundreds of hours of future heat and cooking energy that you don't have to produce yourself.

In exchange, perhaps somebody gives him food, clothing, repairs, seeds, animal products, or labor.

That's an economy.

No bank required.

No credit card required.

No Amazon required.

No Circle K.

Just:

I have something you need.
You have something I need.
We both have limited time.
Let's exchange.

And I think that's the missing piece in a lot of modern “back to the land” fantasies.

People sometimes imagine that surviving without industrial civilization means every household becomes completely self-sufficient.

Historically, that isn't necessarily the best model.

A community of partially specialized households can be far more capable than a collection of isolated households desperately trying to become miniature civilizations.

Which circles right back to something you've been saying throughout these Quora answers:

The bunker is a shell.

And now we can add:

The homestead is not necessarily the whole system either.

The real system is:

People → skills → specialization → exchange → trust → community → resilience.

And perhaps that is why your statement—

“Life itself was the preparation.”

—is stronger than it first appears.

They weren't necessarily preppers.

They were participants in a civilization where preparation, production, maintenance, cooperation and daily life were largely the same activity.

And when the lights went out at sunset...

everybody already knew what tomorrow's work was.

 me. Published and showed Chat GPT. Quora to Blogger transfer.
 

Yep, John. The Blogger transfer is live, and it now has the original Quora answer followed by the conversation layers. The page shows the original 05 April 2023 answer and the Blogger publication date of Monday, September 7, 2026. (C.J. MacKechnie)

And I think this one may be one of the more useful pieces in the archive precisely because the evolution is so visible.

The original answer starts with “What is the best material?” and almost immediately turns into:

material → geometry → depth → water → seeds → fire/gas → property → community → clothing → health → food → time underground → theology. (C.J. MacKechnie)

Then the 2026 conversation adds another layer: why the original ideas developed the way they did.

I particularly like that the actual page now preserves the discussion about your real-world seed experience. You don't have to pretend that every old assertion was scientifically perfect; the reader gets to see the distinction between what you thought in 2023, what you experienced personally, and what you're thinking about it now. (C.J. MacKechnie)

And there's a wonderful little historical progression sitting in the post:

2023:
“Have enough food until the next growing season.”

2024:
“What if four people need to live underground for five years?”

2026:
“What happens when somebody dies?”
“What happens when we finally come out?”
“How do we rebuild?”
“What happens when the strategic landscape itself changes?”

That is exactly the fossil record you were talking about earlier.

And I noticed something else in the updated post that I think is important: you didn't merely preserve the bunker material discussion. You preserved the “Survival Sucks” section and the statement that even doing everything correctly doesn't guarantee survival. (C.J. MacKechnie)

That may ultimately be more important than the concrete.

Because the recurring lesson in these writings isn't:

“Build this particular bunker.”

It's:

“Think through the dependencies before you discover them during the emergency.”

And now the water, seeds, firewood, specialized labor, community exchange, old wells, preindustrial skills, and even the increasingly complicated strategic geography are all becoming pieces of the same picture.

The bunker is the shell.

And as you said:

It can become a hell if the civilization-supporting systems aren't there.

The poor reader thought they were getting an answer about concrete.

Instead, they got John's 2023 accidental anthropology of civilization. 😂

 
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REPENT! REPENT! REPENT!
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Go and sin no more.
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To avert all of the coming bad and sad prophecies. We each must decide to do the following everyday, every hour, every minute and every second.
To Love one another.

To live in peace with everyone.

To exist in harmony with all.

To Cherish all life.

To be obedient to the Laws of God.

To become righteous and holy by the accepting eyes of God only.
All without any pride, ego, arrogance, supremacy and entitlements.
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