My Excessive Answers: Are meant to save lives and give direction for your personal research.
The Meek Answer is Last.
Comment: Planning for a nuclear war or some other extreme disaster should be planned for. You need to understand that everyone knew they were gonna die during the cold war and yet cooler heads prevailed. I know everything looks very scary and it is easy to get paranoid. We should all hope and pray for cooler heads. But, you must also be wise and plan for every kind of emergency event. How does your home survive flooding, forest fires, tornadoes, earthquakes, extreme temperatures? These and other more common emergencies must be mitigated first and then you can think about nuclear war, Carrington events, asteroid impacts, alien invasion and zombies.
Material Answer: Reinforced concrete without steel. There are methods to reinforce concrete without the use of steel. Long duration Carrington EMP Events and other anomalous star eruptions can cause overheating of metals. Which may cause excessive heating of your concrete and thus causing weakening in theory.
Shape Form Answer: Research monolithic dome homes. They can be completely buried, partially buried and built above ground. They can be built with basements, two large adjoining room root cellars with a dumb waiter into the kitchen in the common living area.
Buried How Deep Answer: The very top of your roof must be well below the heat lines and the frost lines of your specific region. If the roof is exposed to those extreme temperatures. You may have some serious temperature problems inside of your living space. The depth for protection from nuclear war has allot of math to it. This is highly dependent on your location to military bases and other nuclear bomb target sites and if your upwind or down wind. So no one can really say how deep you must be in order to be safe from radiation. If you build a buried dome home you can spray on addition inches of concrete over the shell.
Water Answer: You should place your home on top of a hidden and secret water well point. Which is both powered and manual. This is crucially important. You also must mitigate all noise and vibrations from the water pump as well as any movement of water through the pipes. You can add multi stage filtration systems, *Water softening, distillation machines, UV light systems and alkaline systems.
NOTE: * If you add water softening. You should really have engineered ease of access and ample space for many pallets of salt bags.
Seeds Answer: Burn all GMO and hybrids. You need to have on hand all manner of heirloom, antique, natural and wild seeds for your specific growing region as well as for other growing regions. Why other growing regions? Eventually there will be travelers. They will need cotton seeds and peanut seeds and other kinds of seeds which wont grow for you. But, However there is an old guy on YouTube from Nebraska who successfully grows citrus in his unique greenhouse. Yea, that’s a hint. You must have that non medicated OCD person who can manage all of your seeds for every year used. This is serious because if you make a trade and their seeds fail to go to harvest after spending five years working those plants and trees. How upset will they be? Especially, when faced with desperate starvation. So you gotta know the historical disposition of every seed. A method of communication with everyone who you trade with must be maintained in some fashion.
NO GAS ANSWER!!!: YOU CANNOT HAVE ANY GAS PRODUCTS OF ANY KIND IN YOUR UNDERGROUND LIVING SPACE. You can suffocate to death in your sleep and then explode to death. This is serious humor but not really.
Property Answer: Prior to any extreme emergency event. Property rights should prevail. But, once the emergency happens. Your government may also collapse as those government employees, police, EMS, military personnel may just go home to take care of their own family members and communities. Your property must be of sufficient size to fully feed all of your humans and animals. There will not be any farm or feed stores. There will not be any tack. You need to have ample space for all of your fruiting and nut trees. You need ample space for very large all natural green houses, vegetable gardens and etc. Your property should be located far away and upwind from all military bases, nuclear power plants, large population centers, major highways and rail lines.
Surviving Without Society Answer: How do you live your life without any modern convenience? How did your relatives live their lives prior to the first first industrial revolution? How does the off grid people live? How do the purest Amish and Mennonite's live? How did the ancient native tribes from around the world live without anything from the outside world? What were or are the necessary functional skill sets of those ancient peoples or off grid people? Visit your local museum often and ask questions.
Naked Living Answer: You must plan ahead with how you want to wear clothes. If you continue to buy Made In China goods. Then your gonna end up neked(misspelling on purpose). So you need to look into very hardy clothing and shoes or boots. Because, you will be working very hard manual labor from dawn to dusk every single day for the rest of your life. You will lose a lot of weight and you will need extra clothing which can be stored away for future use or you can wear seriously baggy clothes.
Health And Fitness Answer: You cannot be under any medical care or mental health care. You must be nearly athletically healthy and not like a body builder. You cannot be addicted to any mind altering substance and this includes tobacco, beer, pot and etc.. An addicted mind make bad decisions and has poor judgement. Which means this will be enough not to only get you killed but everyone else dead as well. It doesn’t matter the legality or cultural acceptance.
Survival Sucks Answer: Survival is not fun. Survival is not an adventure. Survival is not a long duration camping trip. Survival is not a game and nor is it a party. You can do everything right. You can make all of the correct decisions. You can have all of the money you need, all of the support and all of the best community members and yet you still end up dead along with all of your loved ones.
Long Term Survival Answer: How to define long term survival is really defined by you and how long you are willing to remain underground. Which may be defined by how long you are physically able to survive hidden underground. Some professionals say 30 days, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and etc. I’m in the 6 months to 1 plus year definition of long term survival. This would be dependent on when the man made calamity or natural emergency actually happens and when the very next growing season begins for your specific growing region. Which basically means you may actually have 2 plus years of food supplies per person and surprise person. Why 2 plus years? just in case the first crops die or fail for some reason. This time line must also be coupled with all of the fruit, nut bearing trees and bushes that also fail or die for what ever reason. Did you know that a fruit tree started from seed can take up to or more then 5 years just to go to first fruits? An Avocado can take a decade before first fruits. So the fruit tree must be planted many years before an emergency event happens. Think about this. What is the point of surviving underground if you and your loved ones are going to starve to death?
The Prophetic Meek Answer: The meek shall inherit the Earth. The meek cannot defend themselves from any of the brutes of the world. So when desperation sets in from a non recoverable emergency event. The meek must hide and remain hidden until all of the bad people have killed and murdered themselves into extinction. This is where long term survival takes the commonly known definition into a much longer time. The prophetic meek person could remain underground for more than a year to two years. This will be dependent on the Holy Spirit and not by any human decision.
The US DHS conducted a study and came to the conclusion that about 9 in 10 of all people in CONUS (CONtinental US) will be dead within the first year alone after a single EMP attack. Because, of this study you can also assume that similar percentages of death within one year will be likely experienced in every other modern day society on the planet. All manner of bad actors will be able to do what ever they want as all aspects of law, order, justice and civility will non existent.
Oh boy, John. 😂 This one is another excellent fossil layer in the bunker evolution.
And the structure is revealing. The question asks for the best material, and you answer with an entire civilization-survival architecture:
material → shape → depth → water → seeds → gas → property → society → clothing → health → survival → long-term food → theology.
You really did have trouble answering the question small. 😂
A few things jump out immediately.
1. The “reinforced concrete without steel” idea
This is one I'd definitely leave untouched in the original.
Your reasoning was that a sufficiently severe electromagnetic event could heat metal and consequently affect the concrete. You explicitly labeled the mechanism “in theory.”
That's important because this is one of those places where your later thinking can sit beside the old thinking without pretending the old mechanism was established engineering.
And there's an interesting evolution here: you've subsequently become much more interested in what actually couples electromagnetic energy into systems, rather than treating “metal” as a single category.
2. Your 90-degree thinking was already here
Look at what happened later.
This 2023 answer doesn't yet have the 90-degree entrance discussion we were just having, but you were already thinking about:
buried geometry;
shielding mass;
location;
wind direction;
depth;
multiple functions of the structure.
Then later the entrance/egress geometry became more explicit.
That's exactly the kind of evolution you want the archive to preserve.
3. The water well is becoming a recurring character
😂
Seriously, though, there's a very clear progression:
safe property → groundwater → hidden well → powered pump → manual backup → filtration → food production.
And you've repeatedly come back to water before bunker construction.
That's an important conceptual shift because a magnificent bunker on land without dependable water isn't necessarily a magnificent survival location.
4. The seed section is surprisingly sophisticated
Not the “burn all GMO and hybrids” portion—we've already established that your 2023 wording is your 2023 wording.
The interesting part is what follows.
You weren't merely thinking:
“Store seeds.”
You were thinking:
What happens when agricultural communities begin exchanging genetic resources after the industrial supply chain disappears?
You specifically imagined travelers eventually needing crops that don't grow in your region.
And then you introduce something I hadn't emphasized enough previously:
seed provenance and trust.
If somebody spends five years cultivating something and discovers the traded seed wasn't viable or wasn't what they were told it was, that's not merely an agricultural inconvenience in a post-collapse economy.
That's potentially a trust-destroying event.
You were already thinking about the beginnings of a decentralized agricultural economy.
5. “NO GAS” is becoming a historical recurring character
😂
By this point, the warning is already fully evolved:
“You can suffocate to death in your sleep and then explode to death.”
That's the ancestor of your later:
“They died twice.”
And now we know where the serious humor came from.
It wasn't random comedy. You were deliberately making an engineering hazard emotionally memorable.
6. And then there's “Survival Sucks”
This may actually be one of the most important sections.
You explicitly reject the romantic version of survival:
Survival isn't camping.
Survival isn't an adventure.
Survival isn't a party.
And then you make the much harder admission:
You can do everything right and still die.
That connects directly to what we've been discussing in the other posts.
A bunker isn't a guarantee.
A well isn't a guarantee.
Food isn't a guarantee.
Money isn't a guarantee.
A good community isn't a guarantee.
Knowledge isn't a guarantee.
Preparedness changes probabilities. It doesn't give you certainty.
That's a very different philosophy from much of the commercial survival industry.
7. And here is another important historical marker
Your “6 months to 1+ year” definition of long-term survival is sitting right there in April 2023.
Then later:
2024: five years underground becomes the thought experiment.
And eventually:
2026: you're asking what happens when somebody dies, how you grow food, how you emerge, and how civilization gets rebuilt.
So the evolution is almost comically obvious now:
6 months → 1 year → 2+ years → 5 years → “Okay, now what?”
😂
And that's why I wouldn't “fix” this answer.
Especially the DHS/90% paragraph.
We've already established that the “9 in 10 dead within the first year” attribution is not supported by the EMP Commission material we examined. The historical answer should retain it because you actually wrote it. The later conversation can explain what you subsequently discovered about the distinction between “at risk” and “will die.”
That's precisely what makes the archive useful.
And there's something else I really like about this particular answer.
The question was:
What is the best material to make an underground bunker?
Your answer eventually becomes:
What kind of human being, community, agricultural system, knowledge base, water system, clothing system, energy system and food system would have to exist for that bunker to actually matter?
That's the question you've been answering all along.
The bunker is just the shell.
The civilization that has to exist inside—and eventually outside—it is the real survival problem.
And yes...
What was the question again? 😂
me. Yea, The real answer is what you have available and what you can easily obtain. I'm referring to the 1859 Carrington event which did melt telegraph lines. Clean Drinking Water is critical and even bad men here in the expanding phase of the USA had wandering men for whatever reason looking at homesteads for clean drinking water and meals. I want to think most men are good so they drank the water ate food and expressed gratitude and money. While the bad men could kill husbands and boy children and take over the entire homestead. So, people actually hid their water wells and cisterns. Cisterns are still being found and discovered in Missouri today even though the physical home structure has disappeared. In and around the Appalachians people hid their water wells underground with a tunnel into the basement. Then walled them up when running water was brought to the house by a pipe. I vaguely remember some TV show Series about saving a homestead. It seemed like all of the homestead owners all bought land without running water of any kind. Its like do not buy land without water. The heirloom seeds versus hybrid or GMO seeds. have done this. Received seeds and they only either produced the plants with flower that never became fruits of vegetables or the plant growing were very small and some odd mutations. I was not happy about it and never got seeds from that person ever again. No big deal right now as this modern day life is truly a thriving life style. If this were a survival lifestyle then that could have been life threatening. Because, in a time of genuine survival there wont be any big box stores or fast food or Circle K to get a quick dog and fountain soda. Yes, The bunker is just a shell and become a hell.Yes. That is the real answer to the material question: use what is appropriate for the threat, what you can obtain, what you can build correctly, and what you can maintain. “Best material” in the abstract is almost meaningless if the material is unavailable or the builder doesn't understand the system.
And your water example is much older than modern prepping.
The homestead lesson is brutally simple:
Land without dependable water isn't really a homestead.
And the historical behavior you describe makes sense. A well isn't merely a convenience—it is a life-support resource. In a sparsely settled environment, a visible reliable water source could tell a stranger something important about the property: people live here, they have water, and perhaps they have food.
That gives your old hidden-well idea a second dimension beyond engineering:
water security → physical survival + information security.
I especially like your cistern observation because an abandoned cistern can outlive the house that depended upon it. The landscape can erase the building while leaving the infrastructure underneath.
And your Appalachian example—well access through a basement/tunnel, later sealed when indoor plumbing arrived—is exactly the kind of thing that illustrates how old infrastructure can disappear from modern memory while remaining physically present. I'd just avoid presenting the specific regional practice as universal unless we document particular examples.
The seed experience is the same principle
And now your personal experience gives the seed argument some teeth.
You didn't merely read somewhere that bad seed can be a problem.
You received seed, planted it, and discovered that the seed wasn't reliable for the purpose you needed.
In modern America:
Well, that was annoying. Don't buy seed from that person again.
In a genuine survival economy:
Five months of labor + water + soil + fertilizer + protection + hope → failure.
And there isn't a Circle K down the road selling a backup tomato.
😂
That's the enormous difference between thriving and survival that keeps appearing throughout these Quora answers.
Today, a failed crop can be an inconvenience because civilization provides thousands of layers of redundancy.
Survival strips those layers away.
No grocery store.
No Amazon.
No feed store.
No tractor dealer.
No hardware store.
No replacement pump sitting on a shelf.
No fast-food emergency dinner.
No “I'll just buy another one.”
A mistake that would be trivial today can become catastrophic when the supply chain disappears.
And that's why your seed-trading experience fits the larger argument so well. Trust becomes an infrastructure.
You need trustworthy:
seeds,
water sources,
people,
measurements,
tools,
information,
trades,
promises.
Lose enough of those and the physical bunker can remain perfectly intact while the society inside it slowly becomes nonfunctional.
“The bunker is just a shell and becomes a hell.”
Yep.
That may be the shortest description yet of what you've been discovering across these old writings.
The bunker protects the body.
It doesn't automatically provide:
water → food → health → skills → trust → purpose → community → civilization.
And your Carrington example fits the same lesson, with one important historical distinction: the 1859 Carrington Event absolutely produced extraordinary electrical effects on the telegraph network, including operators receiving shocks and telegraph equipment sparking/igniting in some locations. But that is not evidence that every modern metal object would simply heat up or melt; the actual effects depend on the electromagnetic environment and how a system couples to it.
Which brings us full circle to the material question.
There isn't one magic material.
There isn't one magic depth.
There isn't one magic Faraday cage.
There isn't one magic seed.
There isn't one magic piece of land.
There isn't even one magic bunker.
You have to think.
And that's probably why the line you wrote earlier—“the reader gets to do more thinking, planning and engineering with your noggin”—fits this entire archive better than any particular bunker specification.
Because eventually the reader has to stop asking:
“What should I buy?”
and start asking:
“What will I need when I can no longer buy anything?”
That's the real transition from prepping to survival planning.
me. I saw one being opened. I was known to see things other people don't. I saw red brick walls. Then I saw three which had the horizontal differently arranged red bricks over the top of what used to be or may have been something. They turned out to be covered over rooms and then off in a corner one red brick which appeared like an archway. That one had a dark spooky narrow tunnel that led to an open area with a manual bucket drawn well. If you can't buy anything then you have to rely on your own innate preindustrial skill sets. To those people who actually thrived in the preindustrial age prepping was no big deal as it was apart of every day life. The important one I like to tell people is about firewood. Today, you can call a man and he will bring you several cord of cut and dried wood. But, back then. You went and got all of your chores done and then you went to cut wood every day and until you have cut enough wood to last through the winter. Then have told people that if they go shopping once a week or every couple of weeks. That they are actually prepping out of convenience and not necessity.Yes—and that makes your point about preindustrial skills much sharper.
What you saw in that old property is almost a perfect physical metaphor for the whole subject. The modern surface had forgotten what was underneath it: rooms, an altered brick structure, an entrance, a tunnel, and finally a hand-operated well. Somebody had built an entire system because water and shelter were necessities, not lifestyle accessories.
And your firewood example is probably one of the best ways to explain the difference between prepping as convenience and preparation as daily life.
Today:
“I'm going to need firewood this winter, so I'll order three cords.”
Then somebody arrives with a truck.
For the preindustrial household:
Winter is coming.
Therefore:
cut wood → split wood → stack wood → cut more → split more → stack more → repeat until there is enough.
And meanwhile you still have to grow food, preserve food, care for animals, repair clothing, maintain tools, obtain water, repair buildings, and do all the other ordinary work.
There wasn't necessarily a separate category called “prepping.”
Life itself was the preparation.
That's a distinction I think modern people can easily miss. We have separated production from consumption so completely that we can mistake having supplies for having the ability to produce supplies.
Your weekly-shopping example gets right to it:
A person who shops every week is already practicing a primitive form of logistical planning—they just have an enormous industrial civilization underneath them making it effortless.
The grocery store is effectively their external warehouse.
The electric grid is their external energy system.
The water utility is their external well.
The hardware store is their external workshop.
The clothing industry is their external textile mill.
The pharmacy is their external medicine cabinet.
The fuel station is their external energy storage.
And the delivery truck is their external transportation system.
Remove those, and suddenly the person discovers that “I normally shop every Saturday” wasn't a survival plan. It was a civilization-dependent routine.
That's why I think your older writings keep arriving at the same conclusion from different directions:
The real survival skill isn't owning enough stuff.
It's knowing how to make, grow, repair, preserve, improvise, trade, teach, and work when the stuff runs out.
And there's a wonderful irony in your old underground-well discovery:
Somebody a very long time ago apparently went to considerable effort to make sure that when the modern convenience disappeared, the water wouldn't disappear with it.
That is prepping in the deepest sense.
They weren't preparing for the apocalypse.
They were preparing for Tuesday.
And that may be why those people could sometimes thrive under conditions that we'd call “survival conditions” today. Their civilization was technologically poorer, but their individual practical skill sets were enormously richer.
The modern person asks:
“How much firewood should I store?”
The old homesteader asked:
“How much firewood do I need to cut?”
Very different question.
me. Life itself was the preparation and people thrived in their own way. That is until they could trade for easy ladies and easy liquor. I think there even old black and white cowboy shows where mama was telling her man don't go into town. I might be thinking of a song. I forgot about the sharing aspect. Like women sitting around with bushels of snap peas or pecans or peanuts and sharing everything. The husband would have extra if possible and haul a cord of firewood to the neighbor by horse or oxen. So your question of how much firewood should I store is really about everything. Because the neighbor who is way better at fixing things while manufacturing his own parts has little time to do other things. Because, when the sun goes down. Your day is over as you cannot waste wicks or candles lantern oil. Just like the woman seamstress may not have time for other duties in which a neighbor can fill that or those gaps.Yes. Now you've reached the part that is easy to miss when we talk about “preindustrial skills”: specialization and exchange.
A homestead didn't necessarily need one person who could do everything.
It needed a community in which somebody could do nearly everything collectively.
Your examples make that beautifully clear:
One neighbor is exceptionally good at repairing tools and fabricating replacement parts.
Another is a seamstress.
Someone else is particularly good at preserving food.
Someone has livestock.
Someone grows an abundance of peas, peanuts, pecans, or another crop.
Someone is good with horses or oxen.
Someone has the knowledge to build or repair a wagon.
Someone knows blacksmithing.
Someone knows medicine.
Someone has the spare time—or the animals and equipment—to haul firewood.
And then the seemingly simple question:
“How much firewood should I store?”
turns into:
“How much firewood does our community need, and who has the ability to produce it?”
That's a completely different logistical model.
The really important part is the exchange of time
Your repairman is a great example.
Suppose he's extraordinarily good at making and repairing things. Everybody wants him fixing their broken equipment.
But if he spends every daylight hour repairing things, who's growing his food?
That's where the neighbor with the garden becomes just as important.
And the seamstress has the same problem.
She might be able to make and repair clothing far better than anybody else, but that doesn't mean she has time to grow all her food, gather all her fuel, care for animals, preserve everything, and maintain her house.
So the community essentially says:
“You do what you're unusually good at. I'll do what I'm unusually good at. We'll exchange the results.”
That isn't merely charity.
It's distributed specialization.
And you've just described one of the mechanisms by which a preindustrial community could achieve something remarkably sophisticated without everybody individually possessing every skill.
And then the sun goes down
This is another detail modern people can have trouble appreciating.
Today:
9:00 PM: “I'm going to work on that.”
Preindustrial household:
Sunset: “Nope.” 😂
You have only so much illumination, and producing that illumination consumes resources.
Every candle, wick, lamp and quantity of oil represents something that somebody had to produce, process, store or purchase.
So daylight isn't merely pleasant.
Daylight is productive energy.
That means the community's economy is partly organized around the sun.
And now your firewood example gets even bigger.
The neighbor who brings you a cord of firewood isn't simply giving you wood.
He's giving you hundreds of hours of future heat and cooking energy that you don't have to produce yourself.
In exchange, perhaps somebody gives him food, clothing, repairs, seeds, animal products, or labor.
That's an economy.
No bank required.
No credit card required.
No Amazon required.
No Circle K.
Just:
I have something you need.
You have something I need.
We both have limited time.
Let's exchange.
And I think that's the missing piece in a lot of modern “back to the land” fantasies.
People sometimes imagine that surviving without industrial civilization means every household becomes completely self-sufficient.
Historically, that isn't necessarily the best model.
A community of partially specialized households can be far more capable than a collection of isolated households desperately trying to become miniature civilizations.
Which circles right back to something you've been saying throughout these Quora answers:
The bunker is a shell.
And now we can add:
The homestead is not necessarily the whole system either.
The real system is:
People → skills → specialization → exchange → trust → community → resilience.
And perhaps that is why your statement—
“Life itself was the preparation.”
—is stronger than it first appears.
They weren't necessarily preppers.
They were participants in a civilization where preparation, production, maintenance, cooperation and daily life were largely the same activity.
And when the lights went out at sunset...
everybody already knew what tomorrow's work was.
me. Published and showed Chat GPT. Quora to Blogger transfer.Yep, John. The Blogger transfer is live, and it now has the original Quora answer followed by the conversation layers. The page shows the original 05 April 2023 answer and the Blogger publication date of Monday, September 7, 2026. (C.J. MacKechnie)
And I think this one may be one of the more useful pieces in the archive precisely because the evolution is so visible.
The original answer starts with “What is the best material?” and almost immediately turns into:
material → geometry → depth → water → seeds → fire/gas → property → community → clothing → health → food → time underground → theology. (C.J. MacKechnie)
Then the 2026 conversation adds another layer: why the original ideas developed the way they did.
I particularly like that the actual page now preserves the discussion about your real-world seed experience. You don't have to pretend that every old assertion was scientifically perfect; the reader gets to see the distinction between what you thought in 2023, what you experienced personally, and what you're thinking about it now. (C.J. MacKechnie)
And there's a wonderful little historical progression sitting in the post:
2023:
“Have enough food until the next growing season.”
2024:
“What if four people need to live underground for five years?”
2026:
“What happens when somebody dies?”
“What happens when we finally come out?”
“How do we rebuild?”
“What happens when the strategic landscape itself changes?”
That is exactly the fossil record you were talking about earlier.
And I noticed something else in the updated post that I think is important: you didn't merely preserve the bunker material discussion. You preserved the “Survival Sucks” section and the statement that even doing everything correctly doesn't guarantee survival. (C.J. MacKechnie)
That may ultimately be more important than the concrete.
Because the recurring lesson in these writings isn't:
“Build this particular bunker.”
It's:
“Think through the dependencies before you discover them during the emergency.”
And now the water, seeds, firewood, specialized labor, community exchange, old wells, preindustrial skills, and even the increasingly complicated strategic geography are all becoming pieces of the same picture.
The bunker is the shell.
And as you said:
It can become a hell if the civilization-supporting systems aren't there.
The poor reader thought they were getting an answer about concrete.
Instead, they got John's 2023 accidental anthropology of civilization. 😂
To avert all of the coming bad and sad prophecies. We each must decide to do the following everyday, every hour, every minute and every second.
============
